chapter 7

Question 1

Third declension nouns fall into categories…

Answer 1

one for those ending in -I- and those ending in a consonant.
The consonants are then split up into two groups based on whether their nominative singular ending is variable or ends in an -s-

Question 2

Masculine gender pattern for third declension nouns?

Answer 2

-tās , -tātis -tūs , -tūtis -tiō , -tiōnis -tūdō , -tūdinis - feminine

Question 3

The consonant may combine…

Answer 3

…with the -s ending of the nominative singular to produce a different spelling ; try pronouncing the combined form aloud to predict the result :

rēg + s > rēx

noct + s > nox

Question 4

Neuter nouns…

Answer 4

…add no ending to the nominative singular . Because the nominative and accusative case endings are always the same for all neuter nouns , this means the accusative singular will also lack a distinct ending . Neuter plural nouns in the nominative and accusative always end in -a ; this is true in all declensions .

Question 5

Masculine gender pattern for third declension nouns?

Answer 5

-tor , -tōris

Question 6

What is the third declension vocative?

Answer 6

The same as the nominative in the singular and plural form

Question 7

Masculine gender pattern for third declension nouns?

Answer 7

-al , ālis -us , -oris -men -minis -e -is - neuter

Question 8

Personal pronouns?

Answer 8

Personal pronouns in Latin , like nouns ( and adjectives ) , have case and number , but they do not fit into regular declensions and are differentiated by person rather than gender.

Because a Latin finite verb identified the subject by means of its ending , the nominative forms of the personal pronouns were generally used only for emphasis , contrast or clarity .

In the genitive plural , the forms nostrum and vestrum are used as partitive genitives ; nostrī and vestrī , like meī and tuī , are used objectively

When the ablative of these pronouns is used with cum , the preposition is written after the pronoun in one word : mēcum , tēcum , nōbīscum , vōbīscum .

Question 9

The verb possum and infinitives?

Answer 9

possum very often occurs with a complementary infinitive (§7b). When you see an infinitive, therefore, you might expect to see a form of possum in the same sentence.

Question 10

What is the special intransitive?

Answer 10

In a fourth, less common, sentence pattern, certain intransitive verbs take their object in the dative or ablative instead of the accusative case; (a very few verbs take a genitive object, but they are not included in the Chapter Vocabulary for this book). In this pattern the dative or ablative is a necessary core item in the sentence, just as the accusative direct object is with other verbs. The previous uses of the dative and ablative you have learned have all been as modifiers, which give extra information in the sentence.

Question 11

What are the special intransitive verbs?

Answer 11

careō, carēre, caruī, caritūrus (+ abl.)
noceō, nocēre, nocuī (+ dat.)
pāreō, pārēre, pāruī (+ dat.)
placeō, placēre, placuī, placitūrus (+ dat.)