Legislation and Statistics, 1940-1949 Flashcards
What was the Family Allowances Act 1945?
25p paid weekly to the mother for every child after the first
What education act extended the leaving age to 15 and divided schools into primary and secondary schools?
1944 Butler Act
How were the gov racist in 1940?
1940 Gov rejected offer from Caribbeans offering to pay for and provide 3000 Jamaican troops
What act enabled those in the colonies to have British citizenship?
1948 British Nationality Act
How did the arrival of Americans in 1942 make racism worse?
1942 American troops came to UK with segregated army. Tried to enforce it in UK. Businesses used it as an excuse to enforce the colour bar.
When did 492 Jamaicans arrive on the SS Empire Windrush?
1948
When was the NHS Act?
1946
What did the 1946 Industrial Injuries Act ensure?
Compensation for those injured at work
How high was the top rate of tax in the PW period?
90%
What did the 1948 National Assistance Act do?
Covered those not covered by the National Insurance Act
What was the National Insurance Act 1946?
25p weekly charge on incomes, gave everyone sickness and unemployment benefit rights, pensions
In what state was the economy after WW2?
GB trade disrupted by the war, economy had contracted by ¼, trade declined by ⅔
Why was rationing re introduced in 1947?
Keynes visited Washington in 1945 to negotiate an emergency loan for GB - wanted it to be non repayable, a gift for war efforts but US didn’t agree.
How much was PW debt as well as interest?
£4 billion of debt with USA post war. Interest mounting to £70 million each day.
When were restaurants rationed?
1942
How did bombing affect people?
Deaths of 40,000 people due to bombing. 2 million homes destroyed
What was the Tayler Walter’s report?
Specified minimum number of rooms for each house and space they needed. Restricted to building 12 houses per acre.
What was thr 1944 Temporary Accomodatation Act?
Built prefabricated houses meant to only last 10 years
What was the 1946 New Towns Act?
Created towns like Stevenage and Telford to ease Birmingham and London
When did industries remove their marriage bars?
Teaching 1944
Civil service 1946
Bank of England 1949
What did a 1948 study of 100 women find?
- Desire to end work after marriage
- Need for extra income as main motivation for working
- Didn’t define themselves by their work or see it as important
What popular Ealing comedy was produced in the 1940s?
- 1947 Hue and Cry - about school boys who thwart a criminal gang, filmed in bomb ruins of East London.
What did the NHS consist of in 1948?
Made up of 3100 hospitals with 550,000 beds, employing 360,000 staff
How many female nurses were recruited in 1948?
54,000
What did the Percy Report 1945 recommend?
That science and engineering should take over classical education like latin
Expansion of unis for influx of more students due to Butler Act
What did the Barlow Report 1946 state?
Confirmed there were not enough scientists
Wanted expansion of unis
