2B - Public Health, 1918-1945 Flashcards
In what state was healthcare provision in 1918?
1911 - Compulsory national health insurance for low paid employees
Charity groups provided a degree of healthcare
Poor Law - minimal care provided
Workhouses - had infirmaries and many converted into hospitals
What was the healthcare consensus at beginning of 1900s?
Invest in research
Invest in medical training
Organise a national network of hospitals
Play a role in rationing healthcare
What did Labour advocate in 1919?
Free and comprehensive healthcare
What did the Dawson report recommend in 1920?
State organised hospitals
What was established in 1919?
Ministry of Health created a medical council to research causes of TB
What did the Tuberculosis Act enforce in 1921?
provision of TB sanatoria by local authorities compulsory. TB declined every year between 1920 - 1938
What did the Local Government Act enforce in 1929?
Responsibility for Poor Law hospitals to county and borough councils to convert to public hospitals
Gave local authorities responsibility for other areas of public health like disease clinics, child welfare, dentistry, school medical services and meals
How much of the population was insured against illness in 1929?
Less than half
What consensus emerged in 1930s?
healthcare was insufficient, varied in terms of quality, failed to meet needs of all patients but still chose to operate on a regional level
How did WC and MC maternal mortality rates differ in 1939?
WC maternal mortality rates 50% higher than MC
How much longer on average did MC men and women live than WC men and women in 1939?
Middle class men lived 12 years longer than working class men. Middle class women lived 19 years longer than working class women.
When was the Emergancy Medical Service introduced and why?
1939 - was founded to provide first aid and casualty clearing stations for people wounded in air raids
What were the British Medical Association and doctors concerned about if an NHS was implemented?
Concerned about loss of autonomy.
What did the white paper on health recommend in 1944?
National system paid for from general taxation. End of WW2 - shift in thinking, all parties committed to centrally funded healthcare
What was the Pioneer Health Centre in Peckham, established 1935?
Experiment with preventative health, paid 1 shilling per week to join the clinic and recieved annual health check up and leisure facilities - 950 signed up
