2C - Education and Widening Opportunities, 1918-1945 Flashcards
What did the 1918 Education Act do?
Gave responsibility to local education authorities and provided them with funding, more vocational training, no elementary school fees
How was education provided before 1918?
Provided by LEAs. LEAs paid teachers’ salaries provided free school meals to poor children, maintained upkeep of buildings and monitored teaching standards.
What did the Lewis Report recommend in 1917?
School leaving age of 14
New tier county colleges to provide vocational training, day release
Curriculum divided into ‘practical instruction’ for less able children and ‘advanced instruction’ for more able
In what state was educational provision in 1918?
328 authorities which provided:
Elementary schools - basic education to age 14
Secondary and technical schools - educating until 16
What did the Hadow Report recommend in 1926 but was never implemented?
Abolition of elementary schools and the division into primary and secondary schools with children transferring at age 11
Raising of the school leaving age to 15
Prior to WW2, what % of those over 13 were still in school?
13%
Why were Grammar Schools unaffordable to WC?
Increased the number of free places but costs such as uniform and transport still made it unaffordable
What did the 1944 Butler Act do?
State secondary schools stopped charging fees and the cost of mass education was paid for through taxation. Compulsory education extended to 15
Which universities existed in the 1920s and 1930s and how were they funded?
Oxford and Cambridge for the privileged but took on more MC and few WC. Funded through grants and scholarships offered by LEAs and charities.
As opposed to university, what was a more common route for the WC?
RSTs - recognised students in training, good for WC students, government funded teacher training grants
Who went to Oxbridge in 1918?
Socially and academic elite
