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Pathophysiology > Lectures 1 and 2: Intro > Flashcards

Lectures 1 and 2: Intro Flashcards

1
Q

___ : proliferating cells are transformed into specialized cell types

A

Cellular differentiation

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2
Q

True or False: The more specialized a cell is, the less apt it is to divide

A

True

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3
Q

True or False: Cellular differentiation is controlled by changes in gene expression and is induced by environmental cues

A

True

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4
Q

Heart cells, skeletal muscle cells, and nerve cells do not undergo MITOSIS post-natally, making them:
A. Continuously dividing cells
B. Quiescent Cells
C. Non-dividing cells

A

C. Non-dividing cells

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5
Q

Liver, kidney, and pancreas cells are parenchymal cells that reside in G0 and are triggered to replicate, making them:
A. Continuously dividing cells
B. Quiescent Cells
C. Non-dividing cells

A

B. Quiescent Cells

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6
Q

True or False: Mesenchymal cells (fibroblasts, smooth muscle) and vascular endothelial cells are non-dividing cells

A

False - they are quiescent cells

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7
Q

Transitional epithelium of urinary tract, stem cells, and bone marrow and hematopoietic tissues are ____ ___ cells

A

continuosly dividing cells

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8
Q

Continuously dividing cells are ____
Quiescent cells are ___ cells
Non-dividing cells are ___ cells

A

labile
stable cells
permanent cells

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9
Q

True or False: Topographic cues enhance and direct nerve axonal regeneration

A

True

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10
Q

Can cells respond to ECM biophysical cues?

Can artificial surfaces can mimic individual ECM components?

A

Yes

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11
Q

Artificial surfaces are tools to separate __ cues from ___ cues

A

biochemical; biophysical

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12
Q

What is the advantage of using silicon masters to make mass quantities of polyurethane substrates?

A

Can be used to characterize effects of one topographic variable at one time

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13
Q

What three pieces of information are stored in the native extracellular matrix?

A

1) Compliance
2) Elasticity
3) Geometries/Topography

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14
Q

True or False: Cells deposit ECM proteins and ECM can self-assemble

A

True

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15
Q

Biochemical ligands bind to ___ ___

A

cell receptors

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16
Q

Which five components make up the extracellular matrix?

A

Collagen (fibrillar vs. non)
Fibronectin
Laminin
Nidogen
Perlecan

17
Q

___: non-cellular component present within all tissues and organs, and provides not only essential physical scaffolding for cellular constituents but also initiates crucial biochemical and biomechanical cues that are required for tissues morphogenesis, differentiation, and homeostasis

A

ECM

18
Q

True or False: Biochemical signals can bind to receptor, leading to intracellular change in gene expression

A

True

19
Q

Can biochemical signals come from static (insoluble) sources too?

A

Yes - the ECM!

20
Q

Tension headaches, fibromyalgia, and functional bowel syndrome is which type of disease?
A. Organic Diseases
B. Syndromes
C. Structural
D. Functional

A

D. Functional

21
Q

True or False: Diabetes, HTN, and mental illness can be classified as functional and structural

A

True

22
Q

Lesions or physical manifestations are which type of disease?
A. Syndromes
B. Structural
C. Functional

A

B. Structural
- organic diseases

23
Q

What are the three major categories of structural diseases?

A

1) Genetic and developmental
2) Acquired injuries and inflammatory diseases
3) Hyperplasia and neoplasm

24
Q

True or False: Syndromes are signs and symptoms associated with more than one disease entity (e.g nephrotic syndrome)

A

True

25
Q

What are the four common causes of chronic disease?

A

1) Lack of physical exercise
2) Poor nutrition
3) Tobacco use
4) Excessive ETOH consumption

26
Q

Homeostasis -> ___ of disease -> ___ disease

A

genesis; chronic

27
Q

Heart disease and cancer are leading cause of death in ___

Ischemic heart disease and stroke are leading cause of death ___

A

US; worldwide

28
Q

In RNA vaccines, RNA stays in ___. By contrast, in DNA vaccines, DNA enters __ ___

A

cytoplasm; cell nucleus

29
Q

Pfizer and Moderna are ___based vaccines that use a liposome particle vector and require 2 doses

J/J is DNA-based adenovirus vector, which requires 1 dose

A

RNA-based

30
Q

True or False: Primary research has original data while Commentary is a discussion of the material

A

True

31
Q

____: describes the conditions observed in a disease state

A

Pathology

32
Q

____: discipline that attempts to explain how normal physiological mechanisms change during genesis and progression of disease

A

Pathophysiology

Pathophysiology (26 decks)

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