Lecture4

Question 1

what is saturation

Answer 1

absolute refractory period…no APs can be fired

Question 2

3 ways of representing information

Answer 2

place coding
frequency coding
recruitment

Question 3

space between saturation and threshold is known as

Answer 3

dynamic range

Question 4

what does dc/ml respond to

Answer 4

touch
vibration
proprioception

Question 5

what does anterolateral respond to

Answer 5

pain and temperature

Question 6

axons that terminate in the VPL thalamus have cell bodies in the _____ nuclei

Answer 6

cuneate or gracile

Question 7

axons for DC/ML system are coming from

Answer 7

body and poster 1/3 of head

Question 8

mechanoreceptors for lower part of body are in the ___ spinal cord

Answer 8

lumbar

Question 9

mechanoreceptors for upper part of body are in the ___ spinal cord

Answer 9

cervical

Question 10

DC/ML
1st order
2nd order
3rd order

Answer 10

1: DRG
2: cuneate or gracile nuclei
3: VPL

Question 11

Trigeminal
1st order
2nd order
3rd order

Answer 11

1: trigemina ganglion
2: ipsilateral principal trigeminal nucleus
3: VPM

Question 12

Ad fibers main projection?

Answer 12

marginal zone (laminae 1)
also some laminae 5 projections

Question 13

C fibers main projection

Answer 13

substantia gelatinosa (laminae 2)
also some laminae 1 projection
will go to thalamus, midbrain, or reticular formation

Question 14

cell bodies of Ad fibers are in?

Answer 14

DRG

Question 15

cell bodies of C fibers are in?

Answer 15

DRG

Question 16

laminae 1 nuerons form which pathway?

Answer 16

neospinothalamic

Question 17

when does windup happen

Answer 17

in response to activation of tonic receptors of nociceptive afferents

Question 18

why does windup happen

Answer 18

response won’t outlast stimulus BUT will fire rapidly to get a stronger signal (so you can feel the stimulus and stop it if it causing you pain)

Question 19

where does primary hyperalgesia occur

Answer 19

tissues

Question 20

where does secondary hyperalgesia occur

Answer 20

spinal cord

Question 21

VPL is sensory for the

Answer 21

body

Question 22

VPM is sensory for the

Answer 22

face

Question 23

fn of intralaminar nuclei

Answer 23

alterness
arousal
pain

Question 24

VPL gets input form

Answer 24

body and 1/3 of face

Question 25

VPM gets input from

Answer 25

trigeminal system

Question 26

VP thalamus projects to

Answer 26

SI- primary somatic somatosensory cortex

Question 27

where is the first site for bilateral input

Answer 27

SII- secondary somatic somatosensory cortex

Question 28

SII projects to

Answer 28

limbic system (amygdala and hippocampus): learning + memory
motor cortex
auditory and visual association areas
back to SI

Question 29

Types of receptors in the major sensory systems

Answer 29

mechanoreceptors
nociceptors and thermoreceptors
proprioceptors

Question 30

which receptors have free nerve endings

Answer 30

nociceptors

thermoreceptors

Question 31

which receptors have encapsulated nerve endings

Answer 31

mechanoreceptors

1. messiness corpuscles
2. merkles disk
3. pacinian corpuscles
4. ruffian endings

Question 32

fn of meissners corpuscles

Answer 32

respond well to light touch and light movement of skin

Question 33

fn of merkels disk

Answer 33

respond well to touch and pressure

Question 34

fn of pacinian corpuscles

Answer 34

respond well to vibrations

Question 35

fn of ruffian endings

Answer 35

respond well to stretching of muscles

Question 36

three types of proprioceptive mechanoreceptors

Answer 36

muscle spindles
golgi tendon organs
joint receptors

Question 37

fn of muscle spindles

Answer 37

respond well to stretch, length, and rate of change

Question 38

fn of GTO

Answer 38

in tendons, respond well to force of muscle length

Question 39

two types of adaptation

Answer 39

phasic

tonic