Lecture 8 Flashcards
3 types of movements generated by motor system
relfexive
rhythmic
voluntary
FN of basal ganglia
initiating movement + postural adjusments for movements
FNs of cerebellum
coordinating movement
upper motor neurons found in
cortex + BS
lower motor neurons found in
BS+ SC
Fns of sk muscle
coordinate eye movements
speech
respiration (diaphragm)
move bones around joints
sk muscle is innervated by?
α and γ- motor neurons
alpha motor neurons innervate muscles that?
generate force
gamma motor neurons innervate which muscles?
muscle spindles
upper motor neurons innervate?
lower motor neurons
spinal interneurons
motor neurons the innervate more distal muscles are more ____ located in the ventral horn
laterally
motor neurons the innervate more proximal muscles are more ____ located in the ventral horn
medially
two ways of controlling muscle force
- firing rate
2. size principal and tetanus
SO have what levels of
a) oxidative capacity
b) ATPase
c) glycolytic metabolism
a) high
b) low
c) low
FFR have what levels of
a) oxidative capacity
b) ATPase
c) glycolytic metabolism
a) high
b) high
c) high
FF have what levels of
a) oxidative capacity
b) ATPase
c) glycolytic metabolism
a) low
b) high
c) high
muscle spindles run ____ with ____
a) parallel
b) extrafusal fibers
muscle spindles use what type of sensory axons
1a
FN of muscle spindles
monitor muscle LENGTH
GTO run ____ with_____
in series
extrafusal
GTO use what type of sensory axon
1b
GTO detect
changes in muscle TENSION
both muscle spindles and GTO’s send info about what back to the cortex
muscle posture and contraction
which reflex is polysynaptic
flexion - extension
which reflex is monosynaptci
stretch reflex
when do we activate the reverse myotatic reflex
when too much force is being generated so we activated an inhibitory interneuron to correct for that (inhibiting the muscle that is exerting too much force)
