Lecture 02-anatomy Flashcards
Functions of the frontal lobe
motor + cognitivie functions
Functions of parietal
attention + somatosensory
Functions of temporal lobe
primary auditory processing and recognition
functions of occipital lobe
primary visual processing
functions of insula
visceral fn and taste (gustatory)
what two lobes does the central sulcus seperate
frontal and parietal
which specific part of the temporal lobe does primary auditory processing
superior temporal gyrus
main fn of pre central gyrus
primary motor cortex
main fn on post central gyrus
primary somatosensory cortex
where do fibers of the optic nerves cross
optic chiasm
what marks the midbrain
cerebral peduncles
Which two brain regions do axons of cerebral peduncles go
from pons to cortex
what pathway does the medullary pyramid contain? where does it originate?
cortico-spinal motor pathway from cortex
which lobe and surface of the lobe is the olfactory bulb and tract found
central surface of frontal lobe
where is the infundibular stalk located
below hypothalamus
name of groove separate parietal from occipital lobe
parieto-occipital sulcus
name of groove that separates sup and inf lobes of occipital lobe
calcarine sulcus
fn of the calcarine sulcus
primary visual cortex
name of gyrus that contains a lot of the systems the process emotions
cingulate gyrus
what connects two temporal lobes
anterior commissure
what does internal capsule contain
axons of ascending and descending fibers btwn cerebral hemisphere and brainstem +/pr spinal cord
fn of basal ganglia
regulates movement, cognition, emotion
5 nuclei in basal ganglia
staitum ( caudate and putamen)
globus pallidus
subthalamic
substansia nigra
the substansia nigra is part of the __brain
midbrain
sub thalamic belongs to which brain region
diencephalon
globus pallidus is part of which brain region
telencephalon
caudate and putamen are part of which brain region
telencephalon (more specifically the straitum section)
on either side of the 3rd ventricle is the
thalamus
what three structures makeup the brainstem
midbrain, pons, medulla
through which pathway does the motor information of the colliculi pass
tectospinal pathway
which is the only cranial nerve that emerges from the dorsal side of the brain stem
cranial nerve 4 (trochlear nerve)
what does CN 4 innervate
eye muscle (trochlear nerve)
name of gray matter surrounding cerebral aqueduct
periaqueductal gray
the red nuclei is the origin of which system
rubrospinal system
what type of cells make up the substantia nigra
dopamine containing cells
cerebellar peduncles have axons from where and for what?
where: pontine nuclei
what: pons
the structure of the cerebellum that makes it look like leaves of a tree
folia
corticospinal fibers go from where to where
motor cortex to spinal cord
corticobulbar fibers span from where to where
cortex to brain stem
pathway of cortico axons
axons go across midline –> middle cerebellar peduncle –> cerebellum
cells in inferior medullary olives are important for?
motor learning
cn 3
ocular-motor; innervates 4 eye muscle
cn 4
trochlear; innervates eye muscle
cn 5
trigeminal n.; face (sensory)
cn 6
abducens n. innervates 1 eye muscle
cn 7
facial n. (motor)
cn 8
vestibulocochlear n; auditory + balance
cn 9
glossopharyngeal n.
what else is found at cn 9
carotid body + sinus
cn 10
vagnus n; major motor control; some sensory OUTPUT
cn 11
spinal accessory (SCM + traps)
cn 12
hypoglosseal n. (motor for tongue) + bit of facial + glossopharyngeal
what is the major (autonomic) primary sensory nucleus for autonomic system
solitary nucleus
cn 2
optic nerve
heavily mylenated axons that decussate in medulla
medial lemniscus
the axons of the sensory root are located in?
dorsal root ganglion
posterior rami carry info to and from the?
center of back
anterior rami carry info to and from the?
trunk and limbs
where is the intermediate horn present
ONLY in thoracic and lumbar system
what does the intermediate horn contain
cell bodies of sympathetic nervous system
ascending sensory is in the ____column
dorsal column
motor fibers descending from brain, which column?
lateral + ventral column
where is ascending pain system found?
ventral column
connects hippocampus to mammillary bodies on hypothalamus
fornix
types of long associate fibers
arcuate fasciculus
superior longitudinal fasciculus
unicate fasciculus
what parts of the brain do the superior longitudinal fibers connect?
temporal, parietal, occipital to frontal
what does unite fasciculues connect
temporal lobe to prefrontal areas
what do axons of corona radiate connect
cortex to internal capsule
what do axons of internal capsule connect
lateral to diencephalon
what do axons of cerebral peduncle connect
internal capsule to brainstem
pathway of white matter
corona radiata –> internal capsule –> cerebral peduncle –> pons –> pyramids –> ventral horn of spinal cord
cerebral hemisphere and its internal structures is known as
supratentorial
frontal and parietal lobes are separated by the
central sulcus
