Lecture Exam 2 Quiz Questions Flashcards
Name the three major pigments that contribute to skin color
Melanin, Hemoglobin, and Carotene
State 3 ways that skin can contribute to thermoregulation
1) liberating sweat
2) Raising and lower hairs
3) dialating/constricting the capillaries to regulate blood flow to the surface of the body
Sebaceous glands release the whole secretory cell with the secretory product. What is the term for this method of secretion?
Holocrine
Where do you find the most sebaceous glands?
At the base of hair follicles
What protein cross-links elastin molecules together to give elastic fibers their ability to stretch and relax?
Fibrillin
What is the difference between a proteoglycan and a glycosaminoglycan?
A glycosaminoglycan is a repeating dissacharide. A proteoglycan has a core protein w/ glycosaminoglycans attached to it.
What are the main resident cells of connective tissue?
Fibroblasts
You are looking at a histological section of muscle that has striations and peripheral nuclei. What type of muscle are you viewing?
Skeletal Muscle
What type of connective tissue molecule is dermatin sulfate?
A glycosaminoglycan
What type of molecule is keratin?
a cytoskeletal protein – intermediate filament (present in skin)
What does the term hypertrophy mean?
To increase in size (hyperplasia = to increase in number)
Where owuld you find Langerhan’d cells and what do they do?
In the skin - resident dendritic cells that serve an immune function
What vitamin is activated by UV light in the skin?
Vitamin D
What does the term serous mean?
Serous membranes line one body cavities that do not open directly to the exterior – watery secretions rather than mucousy
Cutaneous membrane is another term for what organ?
Skin
What is osteoid?
unmineralized bone matrix made of calcium phosphate and matrix molecules. Mineralized matrix = calcium hydroxyapitite
Where do you find osteogenic cells?
In the periosteum and endosteum
What is it that cartilage does not repair?
Avascular, chondrogenic (cartilage producing cells) cannot be brought in after damage)
What do you call the immature cells in cartilage
Chondroblasts
How would you classify articular cartilage
Hyaline cartilage
What feature of cartilage matrix allows it to resist compressive forces?
Presence of GAGs w/ sulfated side chains that draw in water due to their negative charge (and collagen makes it strong)
What do you call the mature cells in bone?
Osteocytes
What are cannaliculi?
Channels where processes from osteocytes can meet up and form gap junctions
What do you call the concentric rings of bones that are laid down in osteons?
Lamellae