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Bio 40A > Cell Structure and Function > Flashcards

Cell Structure and Function Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
0
Q

Basic function of nucleus:

A

Contains DNA molecules and Nucleolus

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1
Q

Basic function of plasma membrane:

A

Controls movement of substances into and out of the cell

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2
Q

Basic function of centrioles:

A

A.k.a. Cenrosomes. Form mitotic spindle, needed to form cilia and flagella

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3
Q

Basic function of chromatin:

A

Long thin strands within nucleus. Each strand composed of one DNA molecule and associated proteins.

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4
Q

Basic function of cytoplasm:

A

Area of the cell that includes the cytosol and organelles

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5
Q

Basic function of cytosol:

A

Fluid portion of the cytoplasm that surrounds organelles

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6
Q

Basic function of organelles:

A

Varies. Organelles are everything in the cytoplasm except the nucleus and the cytosol.

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7
Q

Basic function of mitochondria:

A

Makes ATP via aerobic cellular respiration

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8
Q

Basic function of nucleolus:

A

Assembly site for ribosomes

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9
Q

Basic function of ribosomes:

A

Site of protein synthesis

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10
Q

Basic function of lysosomes

A

Enzymes digest and recycle worn out organelles and substances entering the cell ( can digest the cell)

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11
Q

Basic function of cytoskeleton:

A

Three kinds of protein filaments, maintain cell shape and involved in cell movement and movement of organelles

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12
Q

Basic function of cilia:

A

Abundant, hair-like cell projections that move fluids and particles along the cell surface

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13
Q

Basic functions of flagella:

A

Long cell projections; whip-like motion moves sperm

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14
Q

Define Term: interphase

A

When the cell is not dividing, but carrying out its normal activities

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15
Q

Define term: mitotic phase

A

When the cell is engaged in cell division

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16
Q

Define term: Mitosis

A

The process of cell division, specially, the nucleus dividing into two

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17
Q

Define Term: cytokinesis

A

The process by which the cytoplasm is split into two new cells to complete cell division

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18
Q

Define Term: prophase

A

Nucleolus and nuclear membrane disappear, chromatin condenses into chromosomes, centrioles move to opposite poles, spindle fibers form. STAGE 1.

19
Q

Define Term: Metaphase

A

Chromosomes line us at metaphasal plate, spindle fibers attach to centromeres of chromatids. STAGE 2.

20
Q

Define Term: Anaphase

A

Chromatids of chromosomes separate, move to opposite poles. STAGE 3.

21
Q

Define Term: Telophase

A

Cell reverse prophase activities. FINAL STAGE.

22
Q

Find: Mitochondrion

A

1

23
Q

Find: Peroxisome

A

2

24
Q

Find: Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

A

3

25
Q

Find: Lysosome

A

4

26
Q

Find: Plasma Membrane

A

5

27
Q

Find: Centrioles

A

6

28
Q

Find: Microvillus

A

7

29
Q

Find: Flagellum

A

8

30
Q

Find: Cilium

A

9

31
Q

Find: Secretory Vesicle

A

10

32
Q

Find: Chromatin

A

11

33
Q

Find: Nuclear Membrane

A

12

34
Q

Find: Nucleolus

A

13

35
Q

Find: Nucleus

A

14

36
Q

Find: Cytoplasm

A

15

37
Q

Find: Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

A

16

38
Q

Find: Ribosome

A

17

39
Q

Find: Golgi Complex

A

18

40
Q

Define the phase of cell division

A

Telophase (also cytokinesis). Nuclear envelopes and nucleoli reappear; chromosomes resume chromatin form; mitotic spindle disappears.

41
Q

Define the phase of cell division

A

Metaphase. Centromeres of chromatid pairs line up at metaphase plate.

42
Q

Define the phase of cell division

A

Anaphase. Centromeres split; identical sets of chromosomes move to opposite poles of cell.

43
Q

Define the phase of cell division

A

Prophase. Chromatin fibers condense into paired chromatids; nucleolus and nuclear envelope disappear; each centrosome moves to an opposite pole of the cell.

44
Q

Define the phase of cell division

A

Interphase. Period between cell divisions; chromosomes not visible under light microscope.

45
Q

What is the order of phases in Mitosis?

A
  1. Interphase – pre-mitotis.
  2. Prophase
  3. Metaphase
  4. Anaphase
  5. Telophase
46
Q
A

Bio 40A (23 decks)

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