Cell Structure and Function Flashcards
Basic function of nucleus:
Contains DNA molecules and Nucleolus
Basic function of plasma membrane:
Controls movement of substances into and out of the cell
Basic function of centrioles:
A.k.a. Cenrosomes. Form mitotic spindle, needed to form cilia and flagella
Basic function of chromatin:
Long thin strands within nucleus. Each strand composed of one DNA molecule and associated proteins.
Basic function of cytoplasm:
Area of the cell that includes the cytosol and organelles
Basic function of cytosol:
Fluid portion of the cytoplasm that surrounds organelles
Basic function of organelles:
Varies. Organelles are everything in the cytoplasm except the nucleus and the cytosol.
Basic function of mitochondria:
Makes ATP via aerobic cellular respiration
Basic function of nucleolus:
Assembly site for ribosomes
Basic function of ribosomes:
Site of protein synthesis
Basic function of lysosomes
Enzymes digest and recycle worn out organelles and substances entering the cell ( can digest the cell)
Basic function of cytoskeleton:
Three kinds of protein filaments, maintain cell shape and involved in cell movement and movement of organelles
Basic function of cilia:
Abundant, hair-like cell projections that move fluids and particles along the cell surface
Basic functions of flagella:
Long cell projections; whip-like motion moves sperm
Define Term: interphase
When the cell is not dividing, but carrying out its normal activities
Define term: mitotic phase
When the cell is engaged in cell division
Define term: Mitosis
The process of cell division, specially, the nucleus dividing into two
Define Term: cytokinesis
The process by which the cytoplasm is split into two new cells to complete cell division