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Biochemistry > Lecture Citric Acid Cycle (Exam #3) > Flashcards

Lecture Citric Acid Cycle (Exam #3) Flashcards

1
Q

TPP undergoes

A

oxidative decarboxylation

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2
Q

What in the active site of the PDH kinase adds the Pi?

A

Ser-OH

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3
Q

Acetyl CoA along with ________ is converted to _____

A

oxaloacetate; citrate

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4
Q

What is activated by acetyl CoA

A

pyruvate carboxylase

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5
Q

What is a reaction used to replenish CAC?

A

anaploretic reaction

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6
Q

Why is acetate and oxaloacetate joined together?

A

because the enzyme can only do alpha or beta cleavage

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7
Q

Acetyl CoA can be generated by break down of?

A

fatty acids and amino acids

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8
Q

Citrate Synthase

A

converts oxaloacetate & acetate to citrate

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9
Q

What type of mechanism does citrate synthase use?

A

ordered sequential mechanism

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10
Q

Describe the mechanism of citrate synthase? (5 steps)

A 
OA binds first (CS closes)
Acetyl CoA binds (CS closes more)
Citryl CoA made (CoA with citrate)
CoA released with water
citrate is made
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11
Q

What is Citryl CoA? Is it stable?

A

CoA with citrate; NO

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12
Q

Why does citrate synthase close tighter and tighter?

A

because it doesn’t want to lose the acetate by letting H2O in

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13
Q

Citrate is converted to isocitrate via

A

aconitase

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14
Q

Isocitrate is converted to ______ via ______

A

alpha ketoglutarate (KG); isocitrate dehydrogenase

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15
Q

Isocitrate dehydrogenase

A

oxidative decarboxylation
undergoes alpha cleavage
irreversible

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16
Q

What make isocitrate dehydrogenase slow?go?

A

ATP/NAPH- slow

ADP/NAD+-go

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17
Q

How many turns of the CAC to remove acetate groups?

A

3

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18
Q

alpha ketoglutarate is similiar to ___ except it does not have kinase phosphase. It has all the other 3 catalytic enzymes.

A

PDH

19
Q

Alpha KG is converted to _____. During this process, ____ is removed. The removal is_____

A

Succinyl CoA; CO2, spontaneous

20
Q

______ converts succinyl CoA to succinate

A

succinyl CoA Synthase

21
Q

Succinyl CoA Synthase is also known as

A

Thiokinase

22
Q

What is used by thiokinase to break thioester bond?

A

inorganic phosphate

23
Q

Where is ATP made?

A

in the muscle

24
Q

Where is GTP made?

A

in the liver

25
Q

What converts succinate to fumarate?

A

succinate dehydrogenase (SDH)

26
Q

Succinate dehydrogenase is the only enzyme not in the matrix where is it embedded?specifically?

A

inner mitochondria membrane

Complex 2

27
Q

Succinate Dehyrogenase produces____ along with fumarate?

A

FADH2

28
Q

Fumarase uses ____ to replace double bond between carbons

A

water

29
Q

Fumarase

A

converts fumarate to malic acid

30
Q

What enzyme converts malic acid to oxaloacetate

A

malate dehydrogenase

31
Q

Which enzymes are the regulatory enzymes in the CAC?

A

citrate synthase
isocitrate dehydrogenase
alpha ketoglurate dehydrogenase

32
Q

What slows isocitrate dehydrogenase? (3)

A

ATP
NADH
citrate

33
Q

What slows alpha ketoglumarate dehydrogenase? (3)

A

ATP
NADP
succinyl CoA

34
Q

How many acetates go thru CAC?

A

2

35
Q

How many CO2, NADH, FADH, and ATP are produced total after citric acid cycle?

A

CO2=4
NADH=6
FADH2=2
ATP=2

36
Q

Both NADH and FADH2 produce______

A

ATP

37
Q

Oxaloacetate can also be converted into which amino acid?via?

A

aspartic acid

transamination

38
Q

The citrate produced creates what type of feedback on glycolysis?

A

negative feed back

39
Q

What does dehydrogenase involve?

A

removal of hydrogen

40
Q

Which molecules can be converted into amino acids

A

oxaloacetate

alpha ketoglutarate

41
Q

Citrate Synthase has a _____ delta G

A

negative

42
Q

Malate Dehydrogenase has a _____ delta G

A

positive; not favorable

43
Q

Since MDH has a positive delta G, what enzyme helps the reaction occur

A

Citrate Synthase

Biochemistry (14 decks)

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