Lecture A4 Flashcards
_____ is necessary to create the ___ different cell types in human body from a single cell zygote
-cell division
-200
5 types of proteins that regulate the cell cycle
I. Growth Factors
II. Growth Factor Receptors
III. Signal Transduction Proteins
IV. Transcription Factors
V. Cell-Cycle Regulators
Phases of the cell cycle
-Go
-G1
-S (DNA replication)
-G2
-M (nuclear division)
-Cytokinesis (cytoplasmic division)
Go phase (def.)
is a form of the resting state, or quiescence, in which cells reside until they receive appropriate signals that tell them to enter cell cycle (G1 extended)
Go cells are ____
quiescent (doing their specialized tasks)
Most of your cells are in this phase: ____
Go
______ control progression through the cell cycle
Cyclin and Cyclin Dependent Kinase (CDK) proteins
Cyclins associated with Go
-Cyclin D
-CDK4
-CDK6
Cyclins associated with G1 (before restriction point in late G1)
-G1 cyclins
-Cyclin D
Cyclins associated with G1 (after restriction point in late G1)
-Cyclin E
-CDK2
Cyclins associated with early S
-S cyclins
-S-phase-promoting factor(SPF) (CDK)
Cyclins associated with S
-Cyclin A
-CDK2
Cyclins associated with end of G2/start of M
-M cyclins
- M-Phase-promoting factor (MPF) -CDK
Cyclins associated with M
-Cyclin B
-CDK1
APC is ____ and does what?
-Anaphase-promoting complex
-a ubiquitin ligase that marks cell cycle proteins for degradation to cause anaphase
end of G1 phase is marked by _____
degradation of G1 cyclins, cyclin E
end of S phase is marked by _____
degradation of S cyclins, cyclin A
end of M phase is marked by _____
degradation of M cyclins, cyclin B