Lecture 8- B Cells and Their Response to Antigens Flashcards
How many unique antibody’s?
Infinite
What type of immunity is transferred by bodily fluids?
Humoral immune response
Which cells are involved in humoral immunity?
Th2, B cells, Plasma cells
Which cells produce antibodies?
B cells and plasma cess
Which cells activate B cells
Th2
What is another name for humoral immunity?
Antibody mediated immunity
What markers are on the surface of B cells
CD21, CD19, CD40 and BCR
What is the BCR usually
IgM or IgD
What do the variable domains on the BCR form?
The antigen binding sites
What does the antigen-binding domain become once released from a B cell?
An antibody
How many antigen binding sites does one BCR have?
2
Are there more BCRs or TCRs per cell
BCRs
What are differentiated B cells
Plasma cells and memory cells
Are plasma cells long-lived
No
What are cancerous plasma cells known as?
Myelomas
What happens to an antigen once bound to a BCR?
It is ingested and displayed on MHC II
What neutralizes toxins?
Antibodies
What kind of immunity is it when antibodies are transferred
Passive immunity
What kind of immunity is acquired through exposure to disease causing agents?
Active immunity
What type of immunity d vaccines provide?
Active Immunity
What is the advantage of passive immunity
It is immediate
Which type of immunity involves memory cells?
Active Immunity
How do Th2 cells and B cells bind?
TCR binds to MHC II
CD4 binds to B cell
CD40L binds to CD40
Can cytokines activate B cells alone?
No
What antibodies are produced by memory cells
IgG, IgD, IgA, and IgM
What are T-dependent antigens
Protein antigens (toxins) that require T cell binding before immune response
Are T-dependent responses slow of fast?
Slow
Are T-dependent antibodies high or low affinity
High
What do T-dependent antigens stimulate?
Long-lived plasma cells
What are T-independent antigens
Antigens that can activate B cells without T cell help
Are T-independent responses fast or slow?
Fast
Are T-independent antibodies low or high affinity?
low-affinity
What antibodies are produced in response to T-independent antigens
IgM
What is the role of PRRs on the surface of B and T cells
Chemotaxis
What is somatic mutation
The process that increases affinity maturation
Where does somatic mutation occur?
THe geminal centers
What happens to B cells that do not bind well to antigens during somatic mutation
Apoptosis
What type of antigens are T-independent
Polysaccharides
Which cells are found in geminal centers to help somatic mutation?
fDC
What does somatic mutation select for?
High affinity antibodies
