Lecture 10- T Cells and the Destruction of Cell Associated Invaders

Question 1

Which cells are most associated with cell-mediated immunity?

Answer 1

Cytotoxic T cells

Question 2

How do cytotoxic T cells know which cells to destroy?

Answer 2

Infected cells express MHC I

Question 3

What is endogenous antigen

Answer 3

Pathogenic particles produced within an infected host cell

Question 4

Antigen bound to MHC I triggers what?

Answer 4

Cytotoxic T cells

Question 5

What is on the surface of cytotoxic T cells?

Answer 5

CD8
TCR, CD3, integrins

Question 6

What are integrins?

Answer 6

Surface molecules used to adhere to infected cells

Question 7

What are the two main parts of integrin binding?

Answer 7

LFA-1 (on CTL) and ICAM1 (on infected cell)

Question 8

Do B and Th cells have integrins?

Answer 8

No

Question 9

Which cell activates CTL

Answer 9

Th1

Question 10

Where do CTL reside?

Answer 10

Lymph nodes

Question 11

Which two pathways do CTLs use to kill infected cell?

Answer 11

Perforin pathway
Fas pathway

Question 12

What is released to kill infected cells at the LFA-1 junction in the perforin pathway?

Answer 12

perforin and granzymes

Question 13

What is perforin

Answer 13

pore-forming molecule

Question 14

What are granzymes?

Answer 14

Molecules that induce apoptosis once within a cell

Question 15

What is the Fas pathway?

Answer 15

Fas-L ligand on CTL binds to Fas death receptor on target cell to trigger apoptosis

Question 16

What receptor is used to trigger apoptosis in ANY unwanted cell?

Answer 16

Fas

Question 17

What type of disease is a faulty Fas highly associated with?

Answer 17

Autoimmune

Question 18

What cells can be cytotoxic?

Answer 18

CTL, Macrophages, and NKC

Question 19

How do macrophages become cytotoxic?

Answer 19

Th1 cells activate them to destroy intracellular pathogens

Question 20

What mediates cytotoxic macrophages?

Answer 20

PAMPs, IFN-g, IL-2 from Th1, and NK cells

Question 21

What do cytotoxic NK cells target?

Answer 21

cells that do not express MHC I

Question 22

Which cytotoxic cell plays the biggest role in fighting tumors?

Answer 22

NK cells

Question 23

What does ADCC stand for

Answer 23

Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity

Question 24

Do NK cells require activation to become cytotoxic?

Answer 24

No

Question 25

Which two methods can NK cells use to kill cells?

Answer 25

ADCC (detects antibodies using Fc receptor) or perforins and granzymes

Question 26

Which cytotoxic cells are MHC restricted

Answer 26

CTL