Lecture 11- Regulation of Adaptive Immune System

Question 1

What is Tolerance

Answer 1

The ability of the immune system to ignore certain peptides

Question 2

What is Central tolerance?

Answer 2

induction of tolerance during lymphocyte formation within primary lymphoid organs

Question 3

What is peripheral tolerance?

Answer 3

regulation of self-reactive lymphocytes in secondary lymphoid organs, tissue, and circulation

Question 4

What is central tolerance achieved by?

Answer 4

Negative selection

Question 5

What is peripheral tolerance achieved by

Answer 5

Tregs

Question 6

What signal generates Treg formation?

Answer 6

TGF-beta

Question 7

What do Tregs produce?

Answer 7

IL-10 and TGF-beta

Question 8

What T cells are important for immune suppression and mucosal homeostasis?

Answer 8

Tregs

Question 9

What is on the surface of Tregs?

Answer 9

CD4, CD25, TCR, CD3

Question 10

How do Tregs suppress DC and Teff?

Answer 10

CTLA-4 and LAG-3 makes DC stop presenting antigen
CTLA-4 binds to CD80/86 and triggers DC production of IDO to suppress Teff
CD25 suppresses Teff proliferation

Question 11

How do Tregs suppress adaptive immunity

Answer 11

secrete TGF-beta and IL-10

Question 12

What immunosuppressant chemical do Tregs stimulate in tissue

Answer 12

Adenosine

Question 13

What granules do Tregs produce?

Answer 13

Perforins and granzymes

Question 14

What cell allows the proliferation of natural microbiota

Answer 14

Tregs