Lecture #8- Applying Motivation Science to Health Flashcards
Most of the health problems are caused by poor…
BLANK is not cause by homeostatic hunger.
- Behaviorial choices
- Obesity
What are some environmental influences on weight?
4pts
- Portion sizes
- Fast food
- Sedentary entertainment (activities that require little to no physical activity- movies, video games, TV, board games)
- Advertising
What is hedonic hunger and what is it determined by?
2pts
- Hedonic hunger is eating for pleasure
- Determined by our preference for a particular food item and the availability of that food item
What percentage of Americans experience an alcohol-use disorder at some point in their lifetime?
30%
What factors are involved in alcohol use?
4-7pts
- Habitual behavior: the stimulus or situation can ignite a desire for alcohol
- Environmental cues are a major trigger for alcohol cravings
- Logo, time/place of drinking, people you drink with
- Alcohol is also a trigger- ‘pre-drinking’ encourages people to drink more when they go out, not less
- Self control failure: people who are impulsive, lack self control, low conscientiousness and have a hard time resisting temptations are more likely to consume alcohol
Drinking as a means of achieving other goals?
3pts
- Regulate emotions (make you feel better)
- Social goals (to belong- social drinking)
- Loneliness
“BLANK” pathways are lit up, “BLANK” pathways are inhibited. So we engage in…
When we drink, we upregulate the BLANK pathways.
Intoxicated people are likely to exaggerate the meaning of BLANK cues.
- “Rewards”, “consequences”, risky behaviors
- GABA
- Sexual
What is alcohol myopia ?
4pts
- Consuming alcohol narrows the focus of our attention to only the most salient, immediate situational cues
- This makes people miss subtle social and environmental cues
- Leading us to be less self aware, less able to focus on long term goals and consequences, monitor our own behavior
- Leads to people acting against their own values and intentions leading to guilt and shame the next day
Both men and women rate potential sex partners as more attractive when they’re drunk.
What concept is this?
“Beer googles”
BLANK pathways of the brain are more active and areas of the brain that process BLANK feedback are less active.
- Reward
- Negative
What is stress?
Causes of stress:
- The more BLANK affected by an event, the more stressed one feels.
- The more the event or BLANK seems BLANK to handle, the worse the stress will be.
- Any event that causes a BLANK can be stressful. Most stress comes from BLANK life changes.
“Amount of force on a material”
- personally
- change, difficult
-change, minor
Psychological consequences of stress:
- Stress may produce BLANK and other unhealthy behaviors.
- People high in BLANK are less likely to succumb to negative life
experiences. (older, educated, having been through it are protective
- rumination
- resilience
People who are BLANK in neuroticism, BLANK in extraversion, and BLANK in conscientiousness are most likely to be happy.
- low, high, high
What are the 3 ways to cultivate happiness?
3pts
- Surround yourself with positive people
- Be mindful
- Focus on gratitude
What is a hedonic treadmill?
Positive emotions do not last very long, so people are constantly trying to find new ways to feel good
