Lecture 8

Question 1

Functional vice disorders can be classified into 2 distinctly different subgroups: _____ and ______

Answer 1

hyperfunctional

psychogenic

Question 2

Despie their differences, both types of funtional voice disorders are fundamentally caused by ______ rather than ________

Answer 2

behavior

organic or neurogenic factors

Question 3

Hyperfunctional disorders, also known as ___ most frequently occurs in teh (presence, absence) of laryngeal pathology. Physical symptoms can include ______ and _______

Answer 3

muscle tension dysphonia

absence

an elevated larynx

tension in teh suprahyoids (orpain in jaw, neck or shoulder)

Question 4

A primary hyper functional etiology accounts for about ___% of all voice clients

Answer 4

40

Question 5

If a voice client has an organic voice disorder (perhaps due to gastroesophageal reflux disease or GERD) and is phonating with too much effort in order to increase loudness despite vocal folds swollen by GERD, we would say that the client has a ________ hyperfunctional voice disorder

Answer 5

secondary

Question 6

Acoustic and perceptual features of hyperfunctional voice disorders primarily include ______, ________, ____, ______ and _____

Answer 6

strained voice quality

roughness/harshness

low pitch

tese breathiness

vocal fatigue

**phonation breaks and pitch breaks = OK**

Question 7

In order to determine whether or not the larynx is elevated in a client with vocal hyperfuntion the speech-language pathologist must ____ the larynx, placing his/her thumb and forefinger betwen teh client’s _______ and _______ to assess the amount of _________ space

Answer 7

palpate

hyoid bone

thyroid cartilage

thyrohyoid

Question 8

In order to determine wheter or not there is excessive tone in teh suprahyoid muscles, the speech-language pathologist attempts to ________ . if there is excessive tone, this maneuver is likely to be (easy, difficult) and the client may report _______

Answer 8

move the larynx from side to side

difficult

pain

Question 9

On a stroboscopic examination, ocal hyperfunction may be seen as ____, _______ or _______

Answer 9

anterior-posterior squeezing

medial compression

tension in the ventricular folds

Question 10

Whent eh false vocal folds are involved in phonation eitehr through pressing down on the true vocal folds or being pushed medially, this condition is referred to as ______. IN such a case, the voice will soudn _____. It is caused by extreme tension in teh laryngeal muscles often due to stress

Answer 10

ventricular phonation

rough, maybe hoarse, mono-tone pitch, low pitch

extreme tension in the laryngeal muscles often due to stress

Question 12

Laryngeal examination is typically done using _____

Answer 12

laryngeal videostroboscopy

Question 13

In laryngeal videostroboscopy , the vocal folds appear to be moving slowly because _______

Answer 13

the vocal folds are illuminated at different points in each cycle. The eye puts this series of images together into a slow wave

Question 14

Vocal nodues are most often associated with ___ etiological factors, but there can also be contributing ______ or ____ etilogical factors

Answer 14

vocal hyperfunction

organic

psychogenic

Question 15

Vocal nodules are most often located _______ they are typically (unilateral, bilateral)

Answer 15

at the junction of the anterior 1/3 and posterior 2/3 of the glottis (or middle of the membranous glottis)

bilateral