Lecture 7

Question 1

What differentiates a strained voice from a strained/strangled voice?

Answer 1

The strained-strangled voice has much more tension

Question 2

What is the difference between aphonic breaks and aphonia?

Answer 2

Aphonic breaks last only the duration of a phoneme or syllable and only occure occasionally in speech. Aphonia is complete loss of voice/whispering

Question 3

What are some possible causees of aphonia?

Answer 3

bilateral vocal fold paralysis in an open position; badly swollen vocal folds; psychogenic factors

Question 4

Tremor is alomost always due to ________

Answer 4

neurological disorders involving teh basal ganglia or cerebellum

Question 5

Tremor can be differentiated from a singer’s vibrato because

Answer 5

it is more irregular and less well-controlled and has greater amplitude

Question 6

Sometimes tremor can deteriorate into_________ toward the endo of phonation

Answer 6

rythmic voice stoppages

Question 7

Diplophonia is caracterized by ______ it is primarily due to _____ but also might be due to ________

Answer 7

two frequencies produced simulataneously

unilateral vocal fold paralysis

a large laryngeal lesion (polyp, granuloma) that vibrates independently

Question 8

Diplophonia is easieast to hear in (connected speech, prolonged vowels)

Answer 8

prolonged vowels

Question 9

A strained/strangled voice is characterized by __________ it is amost always due to ________

Answer 9

extreme tension and voice stoppages

spasmodic dysphonia, a neurological disorder

Question 10

or a smooth voice, ____, ________ and ________ must all be in balance

Answer 10

laryngeal resistance

subglottic pressure

airflow

Question 11

resonant voice is characterized by ___ as well as smoothness

Answer 11

a full quality

Question 12

In an unforced voice, there is no apparent _______

Answer 12

rension or strain

Question 13

Consistent hypernasality is characterized by ________ It is due physiologically to _______

Answer 13

excessive nasal resonance on non-nasal speech sounds

a consistently open velopharyngeal port

Question 14

A denasal vice, on the other hand is characterized by _______ which can be mainly heard in a phonemic context of ______. Its physiological basis is _______

Answer 14

insufficient nasal resonanance

/m/, /n/, /nj/

an occlusion of the velopharyngeal part due to such factors as swollen adnoids, deviated septum, swollen nasal membranes, tumors or other lesions, ect.

Question 15

The preceding 3 questions dealt with resonance in terms of ______ functioning. However, sometimes resonance characteristics can be related to _____. Specifically, ______ is due to _____, while ______ is due to _____

Answer 15

velopharyngeal

tongue carriage

cul-de-sac or pharyngeal resonance

posterior tongue carriage

juvenile resonance

anterior tongue carriage

Question 16

What is diplophonisa?

Answer 16

tow pitches produced at one time, indicating two vibrating masses

Question 17

What is the physiological explanation of diplophonia?

Answer 17

unilateral vocal folds paralysis, iwt the paralyzed fold vibrating more slowly or due to a unilateral mass on one vocal fold that vibrates independently

** easier to hear in a volwel than connected speech**

Question 18

What is the physiological basis of aphonia?

Answer 18

due to a variety of factors, including bilateral vocal fold paralysis or badly swollen vocal folds that cannot be set into vibration due to their heavy weight

Also psychogenic factors

Question 19

What is oral resonance?

Answer 19

appropriate resonance, where speech is resonated in the oral cavity

Question 20

What is pharyngeal resonance, or cul-de-sac resonance?

Answer 20

usually created by posterior tongue carriage adn limited mouth movement. Speech sounds are resonated in the pharyngeal (supralaryngeal) cavity

Question 21

How is juvenile resonanace or asthenic voice created?

Answer 21

created by excessibely anterior tongue carriage. Speech sounds are resonated in teh anterior part of teh oral cavity

Question 22

Goofy’s voice is an example of what?

Answer 22

cul-de-sac resononance