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D.Kurry Histology KCUMB > Lecture 7 Epithelial Glands > Flashcards

Lecture 7 Epithelial Glands Flashcards

1
Q

How do exocrine and endocrine glands relate

A
  • Exocrine
    • down growth stays
    • duct
    • maintains orginial connection with epithelial layer
    • secreted on surface
  • Endocrine
    • Down growth degraded
    • ductless
    • isolated
    • secreate directly to Blood vessels
  • They are epithelial
  • out growth in connective tissue
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2
Q

WHat are examples of exocrine glands?

A

Exocrine glands include salivary glands, mammary glands, sweat glands, sebaceous glands, liver, and pancreas

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3
Q

What are examples of endocrine glands?

A

Endocrine glands include pituitary, thyroid, pineal, parathyroids, adrenals, gonads, liver, and pancreas.

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4
Q

What does exocrine mean?

A

secretion of product is transported via duct to the surface or surface of the organ

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5
Q

What dos endocrine mean?

A

Secretory (product = hormone) is released directly into blood

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6
Q

What does paracrine mean?

A

Secreation that affects neighboring cells

Ex: growth factors

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7
Q

What does autocrine mean?

A

secretion affects the cell that released the secretory product

ex: IL-2 secreted by T cells

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8
Q

How are glands classfied?

A
  • Number of cells
    • Multicellular
    • Unicellular
  • Whether or no branching is present
    • Simple - NO ductal branching
    • Compound - have ductal branching
  • Shape of gland
    • Tubular “Flat”
    • Alveolar (acinar) “erlenmyer”
    • Tubuloalveolar
  • type of secretion
    • serous - watery, enzyme filled
    • Mucous - thick, mucin containing secretion
    • Mixed (serous and mucous) secretion is a combination
    • acinus is typically mostly muscoused capped by serous demilune
  • Mechanism of secretion
    • Merocrine (eccine)
      • secretory product is typicaly stored in membrane bound vesicles and cytoplasm/CM is retrieved with exocytosis/endocytosis
    • apocrine
      • apical cytoplasm released along with product
    • Holocrine
      • entire cell is released as part of secretory product
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9
Q

What are examples of unicellular glands?

A

Goblet cells of intestine and trachea (exocrine)

Mucous cells of stomach (exocrine)

Enteroendocrine Cells (endocrine )

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10
Q

WHat are examples or types of multicellular glands?

A

Examples are most other endocrine and exocrine glands

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11
Q

What are examples or types of tubular glands?

A

Striaght: crypts of lieberkuhn in large intestine

Coilded: sweat glands of skin

Branched: Fundic, pyloric, and cardiac glands of stomach

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12
Q

What are examples of Alveolar (acinar) glands?

A

Meibomian glands of Eyelid

Sebaceous glands of skin

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13
Q

What are types of simple excretory ducts?

A
  • secretory portion
    • tubular
    • coiled
    • tublar branched
    • acinar/alveolar
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14
Q

What are types of a compounded (branched) excretory duct?

A
  • Secretory portion
    • Branched tubular
    • Branched alveolar (acinar)
    • Branched tubuloalveolar (-acinar)
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15
Q

What is an example of serous glands?

A

Parotid salivary gland

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16
Q

What is an example of tubloalveolar (-acinar) gland?

A

Salivary glands

BRunners glands of dueodenum

17
Q

Wha tis an example of mixed gland?

A

Submandibular and sublingual glands

18
Q

What are the examples or types of glands classified with a mechanism of secretion

A

merocrine : includes most glands

Apocrine: axillary sweat glands

Holocrine : sabaceous glands

19
Q

What is the difference between parenchyma nad stroma

A

Paranchyma = high cellularity

Stroma = CT capsule

20
Q

What is an acinus

A
  • secretory parts of a lobule
  • use any mechnism for secretion
  • basement membane covers outer surface of acinus
  • Contains myoepithelial cells in its BM and Secretory cells.
    • Derevived from epi. T but has extensive actin bundles = contracility
    • helps express secretions of acini into intercalated disks
21
Q

What are intralobular ducts?

A
  • The ducts that lie within a lobule
  • two types
  • intercalated ducts
    • Drained by secretoryacini
    • lined w/ simple squamous E. trabsitioning to low cubodial
    • bicarbonate/ cl ion exchange
  • striated ducts
    • Lined by cubodial E to Columnar E with basal striations for active transport
    • activley reasorbed Na ions; passivly for Cl; actively secretes K+
22
Q

What is an interlobular duct?

A

formed by two or more striated ducts and are found in septae b/w lobules

23
Q

What are intralobarducts?

A

formed by joining of two or more interlobular ducts

lined with columnar trasitioning into stratified columnar epithelium

24
Q

What is a lobular duct?

A

formed by two or more intralobar ducts

lined with stratidied ecolumnar epithelium

25
Q

What is the heirarchal structure of a compound gland

A

Smallest

Acinus -> intercalated or striaghted -> intrerlobular duct - > intralobular duct -> lobular duct

D.Kurry Histology KCUMB (26 decks)

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