Lecture 7 Flashcards
what is metabolism?
The totality of the reactions that occur
throughout an organism
what is the the anabolism of the
cell?
Some reactions require energy to build up
molecules are endergonic.
what is catabolism?
reactions release energy by breaking
down molecules that is harvested for use in
anabolism.
what are autotrophs?
harvest energy from the sun and
convert it to useable chemical energy through
photosynthesis
what are heterotrophs?
use the organic compounds
produced by autotrophs as a source of energy
what is the main task of catabolism?
generate ATP
One of the main metabolites used by
organisms for the production of ATP is…
glucose
what are two possible mechanisms to get ATP?
Substrate level phosphorylation
Oxidative phosphorylation
what is substrate level phosphorylation?
Substrate level phosphorylation occurs when
a phosphate group is transferred directly to
ADP in order to form ATP
The group of enzymes responsible for the
transfers of phosphate groups within the cell
is called…
kinase
What does kinase do?
kinases will transfer a phosphate
from ATP to a protein in order to change
protein structure
what this reaction is typical to?
These types of reaction are typical in cellular
signalling cascades, and control of enzymatic
activity
what does kinase in catabolism?
kinases will transfer a
phosphate to ADP, creating ATP
what does creatine phosphate?
helps increase the amount of
substrate level phosphorylation, and thus
amounts of ATP, found in the cell
what is oxidative phosphorylation?
ATP can be generated through the
ATPsynthase enzyme located in the inner
membrane of the mitochondria. It uses the
energy from a proton gradient to catalyze the
formation of ATP
