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Neuro Test 1 > Lecture 7 > Flashcards

Lecture 7 Flashcards

1
Q

How many cranial nerves come from the midbrain?

A

2

CN 3 and 4

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2
Q

How many cranial nerves come from the pons?

A

4

CN 5, 6, 7, 8

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3
Q

How many cranial nerves come from the medulla?

A

4

CN 9, 10, 11, 12

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4
Q

Why are cranial nerve 1 and 2 susceptible to MS disease

A

They are innervated by oligodendricytes instead of schwann cells due to location (they don’t leave the CNS)

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5
Q

What is the only sensory nerve that reaches the cortex WITHOUT going through the thalamus

A

olfactory

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6
Q

Where does the optic nerve cross?

A

The optic chiasm

Note: the optic tract is between the chiasm and the brain

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7
Q

What nerve is responsible for pupil constriction AND orienting head and eyes (Saccadic, reflex neck movement)

A

Oculomotor CNIII

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8
Q

The olfactory nerve exits from what foramen?

A

Cribiform plate

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9
Q

The optic nerve exits from what foramen

A

Optic canal

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10
Q

The occulomotor nerve exits what foramen

A

superior orbital fissue

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11
Q

The trochlear nerve exits what foramen?

A

Superior orbital fissure

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12
Q

The opthamalic branch of the trigeminal nerve exits from what foramen

A

superior oribital fissure

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13
Q

The maxillary branch of the trigeminal nerve exits from what foramen

A

foramen rotundum

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14
Q

the mandibular branch of the trigeminal nerve exits from what foramen

A

foramen ovale

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15
Q

The abducens nerve exits from what foramen?

A

superior orbital fissure

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16
Q

The facial nerve exits from what foramen?

A

auditory canal (Stylomastiod foramen)

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17
Q

The vestibulocochlear nerve exits from what foramen?

A

auditory canal (stylomastoid)

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18
Q

Glossopharyngeal nerve exits what foramen?

A

Jugular foramen

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19
Q

The vagus nerve exits through what foramen?

A

Jugular foramen

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20
Q

The spinal accessory nerve EXITS through what foramen?

A

Jugular Foramen

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21
Q

The spinal accessory nerve ENTERS the skull through what foramen?

A

Foramen magnum

22
Q

The hypoglossal nerve exits the skull from what foramen?

A

hypoglossal canal

23
Q

Damage to the R optic tract after the optic chiasm will cause….

A

L sided homonymous hemianopsia (Blind in the left visual field of both eyes)

24
Q

Damage to an optic nerve between the optic chasm and the eyeball will cause…

A

Ipsilateral blindness (full blindness of the eye on that side in both visual fields)

25
Q

What nerve innervates the “superior oblique muscle” of the eye

A

Trochlear nerve

26
Q

The orbicularis oculi does what action, and what is its innervation?

A

Closes eyes

-Facial nerve

27
Q

The consensual blink response is activated by _______ ganglion and sent to the _______ spinal nucleus and passed through interneurons in the reticular formation to both ________ nerves in order to close both eyes

A

Trigeminal

Trigeminal

Both Facial Nerves

28
Q

The superior colliculus is for _____ whereas the inferior colliculus is for _____

A

Vision

Hearing

29
Q

What is the fluid called inside of the vestibular apparatus?

A

Endolymph

30
Q

What is the fluid called that separates the bony structures from the membranous labyrinth of the vestibular system?

A

Perilymph

31
Q

Movement of the endolymph inside of the semicircular canals detects…

A

Rotational acceleration/deceleration

32
Q

What causes the depolarization of the cochlear nerve endings

A

Vibration of endolymph is detected by hair cells which depolarize and send signal to cochlear nerve endings to activate them

33
Q

What cranial nerve controls peristalsis inside the esophagus

A

vagus nerve

34
Q

What nerve handles the lips closing when you put food in your mouth?

A

Facial nerve

35
Q

What nerve closes the larynx when you swallow?

A

Vagus

36
Q

What nerve triggers the swallowing reflex (afferent)?

A

Glossopharyngeal

37
Q

Where are the cell bodies of the spinal accessory nerve found?

A

Ventral horn of C1-C4

38
Q

What nerve decreases HR, Constricts Bronchi, and increases digestion?

A

Vagus nerve

39
Q

What nerve controls the efferent part of the gag reflex?

A

Vagus

40
Q

Conductive deafness

A

Transmission of vibrations prevented in the outer or middle ear

41
Q

What is Sensorineural deafness?

A

Damage to receptor cells or the cochlear nerve

42
Q

True or false: Sensorineural deafness is less common than conductive deafness

A

True

43
Q

What is dysarthria?

A

Poor control of speech muscles

Note: they still understand language

44
Q

Damage to what nerve can cause dysarthria?

A

Hypoglossal

45
Q

True or false: The dorsal root ganglion is a part of the CNS

A

False, it is part of the PNS

46
Q

White matter tract vs column

A

Tract- bundle of axons with common destinaton

Column- Several tracts

47
Q

Where are the cell bodies of efferent neurons found?

A

Ventral horn

48
Q

Where are the cell bodies of afferent neurons found?

A

Dorsal root ganglion

49
Q

What is epineurium

A

Fiberous sheath surrounding entire nerve

50
Q

What is perineurium

A

Connective tissue wrapping around fascile of axons

51
Q

What is endoneurium

A

connective tissue surrounding axon

Neuro Test 1 (19 decks)

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