Lecture 6: The Axilla & Brachial Plexus Flashcards

1
Q

What’s the axillas function

A

to act as a passageway for neurovascular structures

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2
Q

The Axillary Artery arises from the

A

subclavian artery at the first rib

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3
Q

The Axillary Artery gives rise to

A

the brachial artery at the inferior border of teres minor

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4
Q

The Axillary Arteries 3 distinctions

A
  1. proximal to pec minor
  2. deep to pec minor
  3. inferior to pec minor
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5
Q

What are the terminal branches of the brachial artery

A
  1. the radial artery
  2. the ulnar artery
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6
Q

The Axillary Vein gives rise to

A

the basilic vein at the inferior border of teres minor

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7
Q

The Axillary Vein arises from

A

the subclavian vein at the first rib

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8
Q

Cephalic Vein is

A

superficial

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9
Q

Brachial Vein is

A

deep

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10
Q

Distal to spinal sensory ganglion, dorsal & ventral roots ________

A

combine to form a mixed spinal nerve

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11
Q

The Mixed spinal nerve divides into

A

posterior and anterior rami

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12
Q

the nervous plexus’s innervating the limbs arise from

A

the anterior rami

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13
Q

The anterior and posterior rami contain

A

both motor and sensory neurons

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14
Q

Myotome definition

A

portion of skeletal muscle innervated by a single spinal nerve

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15
Q

Dermatome definition

A

portion of the skin innervated by a single spinal nerve

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16
Q

The Brachial Plexus definition

A

network of nerves innervating the upper limb and muscles of the thorax

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17
Q

What vertebrae does the brachial plexus arise from

A

C5 to T1

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18
Q

What are the 5 anatomical divisions of the brachial plexus (proximal to distal)

A

Read The Damn Cadaver Book

  • Roots
  • Trunks
  • Divisions
  • Cords
  • Branches
19
Q

The relative positions of the brachial plexus

A
  • emerges between the anterior and middle scalane
  • deep to the clavicle and pec minor
  • overlying the subscapularis
20
Q

Roots

21
Q

Cords

A
  1. Lateral
  2. Posterior
  3. Medial
22
Q

Branches

A
  1. Musculocutaneous
  2. Axillary
  3. Radial
  4. Median
  5. Ulnar
23
Q

The lateral and medial cord give rise to

A

the median branch

24
Q

The posterior cord gives rise to the

A

axillary and radial branches

25
the lateral cord gives rise to
the musculocutaneous branch and the lateral root
26
The Axillary Nerve innvervates
- deltoids - teres minor
27
The Radial nerve innervates
- posterior arm - brachialis - posterior forearm
28
The musculocutaneous nerve innervates
- coracobrachialis - biceps - brachialis
29
The median nerve innervates
- anterior forearm - thenar muscles
30
the ulnar nerve innervates
- medial flexors - intrinsic hand muscles
31
Root Avulsion definition
Roots pulled out of spinal cord
32
Root Stretch definition
distal stretch stopping the flow of information
33
Root Rupture definition
distal break in the plexus
34
Upper trunk Palsy
loss of innervation to the - abductors - lateral rotators - forearm flexors - wrist extensors
35
Lower Trunk Palsy
loss of innervation to the - pronators - intrinsic hand muscles
36
C5 root travels to
- musculocutaneous nerve - axillary nerve - median nerve - radial nerve
37
C6 root travels to
- musculocutaneous nerve - axillary nerve - median nerve - radial nerve
38
C7 root travels to
- musculocutaneous nerve - median nerve - radial nerve
39
C8 root travels to
- median nerve - radial nerve - ulnar nerve
40
T1 root travels to
- median nerve - radial nerve - ulnar nerve
41
Anterior Deltoid Function
flexes and medially rotates the arm at GHJ
42
Lateral Deltoid Function
abducts the arm at the GHJ
43
Posterior Deltoid Function
extends and laterally rotates the arm at the GHJ