Lecture 10: Abdomino-Pelvic Cavity 2 Flashcards
The pelvic diaphragm function
- support the organs of the pelvis
- can be voluntarily controlled
- crucial to bladder, bowel, sexual function
Pelvic diaphragm proper is made up of
the levator ani group
Puborectalis OIA
O: anteriorly, from the pubic symphisis
I: posteriorly, encircling the anorectal junction
A: inhibits defecation
Pubococcygeus OIA
O: pubic bone
I: coccyx
A: control urine flow, contract during orgasm
Pelvic floor injury cause
vaginal birth delivery, puborectalis and pubococcygeus commonly injured
The uterus contains
the developing fetus during gestation
the uterus parts
fundus = connected to the ovaries via the fallopian tubes
cervix = connected to the vagina
The uterus can
change size during pregnancy
The uterus’s expansion can cause
-shortness of breath
- heartburn
- reduced stomach capacity
- impaired intestinal transit & constipation
by compressing adjacent organs
The broad ligament of the uterus position & function
extends from the sides of the uterus to the lateral wall and to the floor of the pelvis
HOLDS THE UTERUS IN POSITION
The round ligament of the uterus position
extends from the lateral aspects of the uterus to the labium majorum
The round ligaments function
works with the pelvic floor muscles to support the uterus
Uterine prolapse
ligament & pelvic floor muscle failure causes the uterus to collapse into the vagina
The uterine tubes function
transport the fertilized ovum from the ovaries to the body of the uterus
Tubul pregnancy
- common form of ectopic pregnancy
- fertilized egg embeds in the wall of the fallopian tube somewhere along the path
Vagina function
facilitates childbirth, menstruation, sexual intercourse, sexual pleasures
Cervix function
- dilates during labour to pass baby into birth canal
- pap smear
Normal cervix
- smooth, glistening surface
Cervical os details
small and round
Appearance of the cervix can change with
progression of HPV and cervical cancer
Vulva details
external female genitalia
Penis’s corpora cavernosa
- erectile bodies that become engorged with blood
- largest portion of the penis
Penis’s Corpus spongiosum
- urethra passes through
- is continuous with the glans (head of the penis)
Penis root is the
base of the shaft
Penis shaft extends from
the root to the glans
Penis crura
- two of them on the corpera cavernosa
Penis bulb
- base of the shaft
The prepuce
foreskin that covers the majority of the glans
The urethra extends from the
internal urethra orifice of the bladder to the external urethral orifice of the glans
The prostatic urethra’s divisions
urethral crest
seminal colliculus
Urethral crest details
where prostatic ducts open bilaterally
Seminal colliculus details
where the ejaculatory ducts open bilaterally
Bulbourethral glands function
eject lubricating fluid into the urethra
What two openings increase the size of the urethra
ampulla = proximally
navicular fossa = distally (glans)
Vas Deferens Ligation
male vasectomy
What organs make secretions into ejaculatory fluid
- seminal vesicle
- prostate gland
- bulbourethral gland
urogential hiatus and rectal hiatus joint function
- permit urination and defecation
