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Anatomy And Physiology > Lecture 6 - Skeletal Anatomy > Flashcards

Lecture 6 - Skeletal Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

2 parts of the Skeletal System

A

Axial
Appendicular

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2
Q

6 Parts of the Axial Skeleton

A

Skull
Sternum
Ribs
Cartilage
Vertebrae
Sacrum

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3
Q

4 Parts of the Appendicular Skeleton

A

Scapula/Clavicle
Upper Limb bones
Pelvis
Lower Limb bones

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4
Q

Bones of the Cranium

A

Frontal
Parietal
Temporal
Occipital
Sphenoid
Ethmoid

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5
Q

2 Parts of the Frontal Bone

A

Forehead
Superior surface of orbits

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6
Q

2 Parts of the Parietal Bone

A

Sides
Roof

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7
Q

2 Parts of the Temporal Bone

A

Sides
Bone

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8
Q

Main part of the Occipital Bone

A

Foramen magnum

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9
Q

Sphenoid Bone Defintion

A

Bridge between cranial and facial bones

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10
Q

2 Parts of the Ethmoid Bone

A

Cribiform Plate
Nasal Septum

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11
Q

3 Facial Bone Functions

A

Supporting cavities/sense organs
Protection
Muscle attachment for chewing/speech/facial expression

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12
Q

6 Facial Bones

A

Maxillary Bones - Top of Jaw
Zygomatic Bones - Check Bones
Mandible - Lower Jaw
Nasal Bones
Nasal Conchae
Nasal Septum

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13
Q

Feature that is not a facial bone

A

Teeth

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14
Q

Sinuses Definition

A

Air pocket inside bones to make them tighter

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15
Q

4 Paranasal Sinuses

A

Frontal Sinus
Ethmoidal Sinuses
Sphenoidal Sinuses
Maxillary Sinuses

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16
Q

Suture Definition

A

Strong. fibrous elastic tissue that holds cranial bones together

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17
Q

Fontanel Definition

A

A membrane-covered opening in the skull
Found in newborns

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18
Q

4 Sutures in a Newborn Skull

A

Coronal Suture
Squamous Suture
Lambdoid Suture
Sagittal Suture

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19
Q

4 Fontanelles in Newborn Skull

A

Anterior/Posterior Fontanel
Mastoid Fontanel
Sphenoid Fontanel
Occipital Fontanel

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20
Q

5 Parts of Vertebral Column

A

7 Cervical Vertebrae
12 Thoracic Vertebrae
5 Lumbar Vertebrae
Sacrum
Coccyx

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21
Q

Function of Curves in Vertebral Column

A

Helps alignment of weight

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22
Q

5 Parts of the Vertebral Anatomy

A

Body
Arch
Spinous Process
Transverse Process
Articular Process

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23
Q

3 Features of Vertebral Body

A

Weightbearing
Articulates with bodies above/below
Separated by intervertebral discs

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24
Q

4 Features of Vertebral Arch

A

Consists of Pedicle and Lamina
Supports Transverse and Spinous Processes
Surrounds Vertebral foramen
Protects Spinal cord

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25
Q

Function of Spinous/Transverse Processes

A

Muscle Attachment

26
Q

Function of Articular Processes

A

Articulate with vertebrae above/below

27
Q

3 Features of Cervical Vertebrae

A

Oval Body
Transverse Foramina
Split Spinous Process

28
Q

3 Features of Thoracic Vertebrae

A

Heart-shaped Body
Facets for articulation with ribs
Long, inferiorly directed spinous process

29
Q

2 Features of Lumbar Vertebrae

A

Massive Body
Blade like transverse processes

30
Q

Trend of Body size down the Vertebral Column

A

Size increases down the Vertebral Column

31
Q

Trend in Vertebral Foramen Size down the Vertebral Column

A

Size decreases down the Vertebral Column

32
Q

4 Features of Atlas/Axis Complex in Cervical Vertebrae

A

Atlas (C1) articulates with occipital condyles
Axis (C2) articulates with Atlas
Ligament holds C1/C2 together using Dens on C2
Ligament allows for head movement

33
Q

Function of Sacrum

A

Forms posterior pelvic wall
Stabilizes the pelvis

34
Q

Function of Coccyx

A

Insertion site of muscles/tendons/ligaments
Weightbearing in seated position

35
Q

Functions of Thoracic Cage

A

Protection of Thoracic Contents
Allows expansion and contraction for ventilation

36
Q

Components of Thoracic Cage

A

Sternum
Ribs

37
Q

2 types of Ribs

A

7 Pairs of True Ribs
5 Pairs of False Ribs

38
Q

4 Features of Ribs

A

Curved Flat Bone
Head articulates with Vertebral Body Posteriorly
Tubercle articulates with Transverse Process of Vertebra
Costal Cartilages articulate with Sternum

39
Q

Difference between True/False Ribs

A

False Ribs connected through Costal Cartilages

40
Q

4 Parts of Appendicular Skeleton

A

Pectoral Girdle
Upper Limb
Pelvic Girdle
Lower Limb

41
Q

2 Components of Pectoral Girdle

A

Clavicle
Scapula

42
Q

Main Component of Pelvic Girdle

A

Coxal Bone

43
Q

2 Functions of Pectoral Girdle

A

Enables Versatile Movements
Articulation for Arm

44
Q

Function of Pelvic Girdle

A

Provides stability

45
Q

Condyle Definition

A

Protrusion at the end of bones used to articulate with other bones

46
Q

3 Features of Humerus

A

Long Bone
Head Articulates with Scapula
Condyles articulate with radius/ulna

47
Q

3 Features of Radius/Ulna

A

Ulna = Medial
Radius = Lateral
Both articulate with humerus and carpals

48
Q

Number of Carpals in Upper Limb

A

8

49
Q

Number of Metacarpals in Upper Limb

A

5

50
Q

Number of Phalanges in Upper/Lower Limb

A

14

51
Q

Articulation of Carpals in Upper Limb

A

Proximal Row articulates to radius
Distal Row articulates with metacarpals

52
Q

Function of Metacarpals in Upper Limb

A

Supports Palm

53
Q

Articulation of Phalanges in Upper Limb

A

Articulate with Metacarpals

54
Q

3 types of Phalanges

A

Proximal
Middle
Distal

55
Q

Missing Phalanges in Thumb

A

Middle

56
Q

3 Features of Femur

A

Long Bone
Head articulates with pelvis
Condyles articulate with tibia

57
Q

3 Features of Tibia and Fibula

A

Tibia = Medial
Fibula = Lateral
Tibia articulates with Femur

58
Q

Number of Tarsals in Lower Limb

A

7

59
Q

Number of Metatarsals in Lower Limb

A

5

60
Q

Examples of Tarsal Bones

A

Talus - Joint with tibia and fibula
Calcaneus - Load Bearing Heel Bone

61
Q

Sex Differences in Pelvis

A

Larger Pubic angle in Women
Broader Pelvic outlet in Women

Anatomy And Physiology (10 decks)

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