Lecture 6 - Ecosystems and Environmental Interactions

Question 1

Plant distributions are in… scales

Answer 1

Local, national and global scales.

Question 2

Daisy is … in the UK

Answer 2

cosmopolitan
-Beltis perenis

Means control on its distribution hard to assess

Question 3

Sea sandwort (Honchenya peploidis) is a .. plant and a … that loves …

It grows well in … and …

Answer 3

coastal, halophyte, salt

sands, shingles

Question 4

Empetrum nigrum (crowberry) is a .... plant
Cornus sanguina (dogweed) is a .... plant 

These types of distribution are based on … influence and … distributions

Answer 4

northernly, southernly

climatic, complementary

Question 5

Climatic factors include .. .. .. .. ..

Answer 5

temperature, rainfall, wind, light, humidity

Question 6

Tundra are .. and .. precipitation

Answer 6

very cold, dry

Question 7

Boreal forest are .. and .. precipitation

Answer 7

coldish and moderate preciptation

Question 8

the lapse rate is when an … variable changes with altitude

Answer 8

atmospheric

Question 9

the lapse rate for temperature is .. for each … increase in altitude

Answer 9

-6.5c, 1000m

Question 10

edaphic factors relate to the ..

Answer 10

soil

Question 11

the main functions of soil for plants is a … medium, source of .., source of ..

Answer 11

rooting, water, nutrients

-providing both conditions and resources for plants

Question 12

excess resources do not always … growth, they can be … … growth

Answer 12

boost, supraoptimal

Question 13

conditions are .. variables to which a plant responds, they … consumed and can help regulate .. availability

Answer 13

environmental, aren’t, resource

• E.g. pH
• E.g. Photosynthesis in arctic species may increase with more light up to a point

Question 14

irraidiance is how .. something shines

Answer 14

brightly

Question 15

whats indirect competition

Answer 15

when two species compete over the same shared resource

Question 16

self thinning:

above a threshold of sowing density .. .. .. reach maturity

Answer 16

no more individuals

-reproductive output may also be reduced

Question 17

density dependant population control occurs due to ..

Answer 17

competition

• E.g. Soybean mortality exponentially increases after 100m2
• E.g. Foxglobe

Question 18

allopathy works by .. released by one plant .. growth of others

Answer 18

chemicals, limiting

• example of direct competition
• other examples include strangulation and parasitism

Question 19

there are over … speices of parastic plant in .. families

Answer 19

3000, 17

Question 20

.. of parasitic plants are hemiparasitic

these plants have .. but obtain some .. .. and .. from their host

Answer 20

80

chlorophyll, carbon, nutrients, water

Question 21

.. of parasitic plants are holoparasitic

they have no … and obtain all their .. from host

Answer 21

20% (600 species)

chlorophyll, carbon

Question 22

facilitation occurs when a plant .. from a …

especially important at .. environments , both high and low

Answer 22

beneifts, neighbour

extreme

Question 23

the aspect influences … recieved

Answer 23

irradiance

-aspect is direction of slope

Question 24

ammensalism has species 1 .. while species 2 is ..

Answer 24

losing, neutral

Question 25

Empetrum hermaphroditum vs Pinus sylvestrus root competition, can be reduced via .. and ..

Answer 25

tubes, carbon

-carbon absrobs alleopathic compounds