Lecture 14 - How does life persist in the sea? Flashcards
..% world is ocean
71%
..% of s. hemisphere is ocean
81%
..% n. hemisphere is ocean
61%
heat capacity of water is higher than air , …x by mass and …x by volume
4,
3500
water density is … kg.m3
air desnity is …kg.m3
1000
1.2
maximum density of water is at ..C
4
-meaning usually liquid water below ice
In water .. light is absorbed before … light
red, blue
At 20C sound travels .. faster in water
> 4x
The speed of sound in water increases with increased .. and increased ..
density, temperature
There are .. marine and .. endemic metazoan phyla.
32, 11
There are .. freshwater and .. endemic metazoan phyla.
14, 0
There are .. terrestrial metazoan phyla, … are endemic.
11, 1
marine photoautotrophs capture ..% of the suns energy that hits the sea, x….. tat of humans
3%, 24000
seaweeds are ..
macrophytes
- restricted to shallow coastal waters
- benthic photoautotrophs aka attached to seabeds
average water depth …m, max …
3794
11,022
..% of Earth’s habitable volume is marine
> 99
sea water is ..% NaCl
86%
salinity measured in .. .. .., similar %
practical salinity units
-E.g. 35psu simmlar to 35% salinity
at 35% psu freezing point of water lowers to .., density increases to 1028kg
saliter and colder water …
-.189C, 1028
sinks
marine plankton have four major classes .., .., .. ,…
cyanobacteria, haptophytes, dinoflagellates, diatoms
10^24 cyanobacteria would stretch to sun and back .. millions times
3m
Coriolis effects cause localised .. of nutrient-rich deep waters
upwelling
- tropical water lifted
- cold water sinks
- thermohaline circulation