Lecture 6: Carotid Pathology Flashcards
stroke is the leading cause of permanent disability. T/F?
true
what is another name for transient ischemic attack?
mini stroke
what is a ministroke?
it is a neurological ischemic deficit that reverses within 24 hours (usually minutes)
which part of the brain does a TIA affect?
anterior circulation
what causes a mini stroke?
a temporary clot in the artery but will dissolve within 24 hours
what is the risk of getting a stroke after a TIA in 3 months?
10% increased risk
what is the risk of getting a stroke after a TIA within 5 years?
increased 17x
4 S&S of TIA?
- amaurosis fugax
- dysphasia/aphasia
- contralateral hemiparesis/monoparesis
- behavioral disturbances
what does RIND stand for?
reversible ischemic neurological deficit
what is RIND?
a neuro deficit that lasts more than 24 hours but less than 72 hours
patients get a sudden onset of symptoms with RIND. T/F?
true
what is amaurosis fugax?
transient blindness in one eye
what is the normal duration for amaurosis fugax?
transient – seconds to minutes
what causes amaurosis fugax?
a temporary blockage of small blood vessels in the eye
where is disease located when a patient has amaurosis fugax?
disease will be on the ipsilateral side as the affected eye
what is bruit?
an abnormal low rumbling sound heard on the stethoscope over the carotid artery
what causes a bruit?
blood rushing over an obstruction
2 normal reasons for a bruit
- bifurcation of CCA
- tortuous
what is aphasia?
unable to speak
what is dysphasia?
difficulty speaking
what is dysarthria?
slurring & speech distortion due to lack of muscle control
what is lateralized paresthesia?
numbness or tingling usually in the extremities
what is hemiparesis?
weakness on one side of the body
which hemisphere is affected when a patient has aphasia or dysphasia?
left hemisphere