Lecture 6 Flashcards
Theory of mind definition
Ability to attribute mental states to oneself and to others and to understand that others have mental states that differ to one’s own
Unexpected transfer test
To test theory of mind
Involves a little story about someone putting something in a box and then leaves. After which the object is put into another box and the person taking the test is asked where the person in the story thinks the object is.
Deceptive box test
To test theory of mind
Involves showing a box with something inside it which is unexpected. Then the person is asked what they thought was inside it before the content was shown
When do children succeed at the false belief task
4 years old
DSM-5 for Autism Spectrum Disorder
- Persistent social deficits in communication and social interaction
- Restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities
Wing’s triad of impairments
- Imagination
- Social relationships
- Communication
Underlying mechanisms of ASD
- Theory of mind
- Executive functioning
- Central coherence
Instruments for assessment
- Clinical interview
- Behavioral observations
- Test of intellectual functioning
- Behavior rating scales
- Laboratory tasks
Differences between informants due to
1, Behavior is context dependent
- Attributions of informant
- Bias through differences in motivation
- Different views
- Differences in access to the information
Practical problems when doing clinical interviews with children
- Repetition of question: change of answer
- Sensitive to suggestive questions
- Questions about thoughts, emotions and worries are difficult
- Limited self-reflection
- Memory
- Loyalty to parents and other adults
Reasons to interview child
- Child is an informant
- Child feels taken seriously
- Determination of severity of the disorder
- Child reveals something they wouldn’t do in front of parents
- Can give explanations for problems
- Can answer questions about internalizing problems
Modularity
We have different modules for different abilities
3 principles for evidence based assessment
- The most current and best available research is used in guiding assessment
- Results from test can only be used to make interpretations for which they have been validated
- The assessment approach must take on a hypothesis testing approach
Essential aspects of evidence based assessment
- The child’s psychological context
2. Need for it to be construct centred
Assessment of treatment model
- Criteria for the treatment progress must me measurable
- Only measures that are sensitive to change must be used in assessment
- The criteria for evaluating the treatment must be meaningful
- The criteria for evaluating the outcome must be feasible
