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Developmental Psychology > Lecture 14 > Flashcards

Lecture 14 Flashcards

1
Q

How to study atypical development

A

Gold standard: 1. Clinical group

  1. Control group matched on chronological age
  2. Control group matched on mental age
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2
Q

How to spot delay in development

A

Underperformance of clinical group compared to control group matched on chronological age

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3
Q

How to spot different mental development

A

Underperformance of clinical group compared to control group matched on chronological and mental age

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4
Q

Prevalence of autism

A

1 in 100

4:1 boys : girls

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5
Q

Why prevalence of autism is increasing

A
  1. More knowledge about autism
  2. Different diagnostic tools
  3. Early identification
  4. Assortative mating
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6
Q

ADHD two main symptoms

A
  1. Inattention

2. Hyperactivity-impulsivity

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7
Q

3 subtypes of ADHD

A
  1. Combined type
  2. Predominantly inattentive type
  3. Predominantly hyperactive/impulsive type
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8
Q

Prevalence ADHD

A

5-7 in 100

3:1 boys : girls

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9
Q

Prenatal factors associated with increased risk of autism

A
  1. Maternal diabetes
  2. Prenatal infections and inflammation
  3. Prenatal exposure to drugs and chemicals
  4. Influenza and other illnesses
  5. Vitamin D or folic acid deficiency
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10
Q

Prenatal factors associated with increased risk of ADHD

A
  1. Maternal stress during pregnancy
  2. Heavy metals
  3. Cigarette smoking
  4. Alcohol
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11
Q

Heritability autism

A

64 to 91

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12
Q

3 main theories explaining autism

A
  1. Theory of mind hypothesis
  2. Executive functioning hypothesis
  3. Central coherence hypothesis
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13
Q

Central coherence hypothesis

A

Children with autism have weak central coherence and tend to focus on details rather than whole picture

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14
Q

Conclusion of the theories on autism

A
  1. First comes executive functioning and central coherence problems
  2. Later theory of mind problems
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15
Q

5 cognitive aspects that decline with age

A
  1. Prefrontal cortex (stability, working memory, action control)
  2. Internal record (time, context, agency)
  3. Memory
  4. Intelligence
  5. Speed of processing
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Developmental Psychology (14 decks)

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