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Developmental Psychology > Lecture 13 > Flashcards

Lecture 13 Flashcards

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1
Q

Special education clusters

A

Cluster 1: Blind or partially sighted
Cluster 2: Kids with hearing or language problems
Cluster 3: Kids with physical and mental handicaps
Cluster 4: Kids with psychiatric problems and severe behavior problems

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2
Q

Projective test

A

Letting kids associate freely from a picture to test the feelings

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3
Q

Disharmonic profile

A

A kid has different levels of intelligence on the subtests

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4
Q

Piaget influence on todays school system

A

Discovery learning
Pure Piagetian discovery learning without any feedback had few benefits for learning

Direct instruction is more effective
Guided discovery

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5
Q

Effects of peer interaction

A

Overcoming egocentrism

Sometimes sociocognitive conflict

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6
Q

Drawbacks to working in pairs

A
  1. More advanced children may regress
  2. One child may dominate, often with boys
  3. Popular peers have more influence
  4. Positive collaboration needs to be actively influenced
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7
Q

What makes effective scaffolding

A
  1. First little help and if failure then more help, if child successful then decrease help
  2. Adult-child interactions are dynamic with the child actively playing a role in its learning process
  3. Fading: gradual withdrawal of the teacher
  4. Transfer of responsibility from teacher to learner
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8
Q

3 basic needs for children when learning

A
  1. Competence
  2. Autonomy
  3. Relatedness
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9
Q

2 dimensions attribution style

A
  1. Stable vs unstable (changeable vs unchangeable)

2. Internal vs external

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10
Q

Types of bullying

A
  1. Verbal
  2. Relational (ignoring, excluding)
  3. Material
  4. Physical
  5. Cyber
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11
Q

Effects of being bullied

A
  1. Anxiety and depression
  2. Physical and psychosomatic symptoms
  3. Suicidal thoughts
  4. Low self-esteem
  5. Absence from school
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12
Q

Protective factors bullying

A
  1. Warm family
  2. Friend(s)
  3. Limited period
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13
Q

Characteristics of the bully

A
  1. Authoritarian
  2. Lack of clear rules
  3. Conflict in family
  4. Children with ADHD
  5. Aggressive interpretation and response style
  6. Expectation of positive results from bullying
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14
Q

Characteristics of the victim

A
  1. Anxious or withdrawn
  2. Anxious, passive reaction pattern
  3. Reactive aggression, emotional reaction pattern
  4. Conflict in the family
  5. Overprotective families
  6. Being different
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15
Q

Interventions to reduce bullying

A
  1. Reactive strategies
  2. Monitoring unstructured situations
  3. Large-scale school-based interventions
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16
Q

Prevention levels for bullying

A
  1. Primary: school/classroom interventions
  2. Secondary: special interventions for children with risk behavior
  3. Tertiary: specialized individual interventions for children with high risk behavior
17
Q

Reasons for truancy

A
  1. No psychological problems, preference for activities outside school
  2. Behavior problems
  3. Sporadic absence
18
Q

Reasons for school anxiety

A
  1. Eager to attend but hampered by fear
  2. Good behavior, emotional problems
  3. Long term absence, parents know
19
Q

Components of school refusal

A
  1. Cognitive component (negative thoughts about tasks or persons in school)
  2. Physical component
  3. Behavioral component (crying, anger, concentration problems)
20
Q

Intervention school anxiety

A
  1. Psycho-education
  2. Skill training
  3. Cognitive restructuring
  4. Exposure
  5. Plan to prevent relapse

Developmental Psychology (14 decks)

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