Lecture 5: Intro to Lipids Flashcards
how is ATP stored intracellularly
creatine phosphate
what s cholesterol a precursor of
- bile acids
- steroid hormones
- vitamin D
how is most cholesterol stored
joined with fatty acids to make cholesterol ester
features of acetyl-coenzyme A
- main energy production precursor
- cannot be transported in plasma
features of ketone bodies
- made from acetyl-CoA during fasting in liver
- energy store but last for 5 hours
- acetone is a waste product
which ketone bodies are used by the body
- acetoacetic acid
- beta-hydroxybutyric acid
what are the 4 pathways of lipid movement
gut –.> liver and periphery (muscle and adipose tissue)
liver –> periphery
periphery –> liver
liver –> digestive tract
what is a property and example of an apolipoprotein
- ampipathic
- eg apoE
what are LDLs
- low density lipoprotein
- most dangerous lipoprotein
- excess LDL accumulates in atheromas
- LDL is left over after periphery absorbs endogenous triglyceride from VLDL
what are HDLs
- high density lipoprotein
- “good” lipoprotein
- lower cardiovascular risk
- used in lipid transport from fat cells to liver
what are VLDLs
- very low density lipoprotein
- signifies risk of atheroma
- used to transport fat from liver to adipose and muscle
what is IDL
- intermediate density lipoprotein
- after triglyceride is removed from VLDL, it leaves over IDL
- will then become LDL
which cells release glucagon and which release insulin
- alpha cells release glucagon
- beta cells release insulin
what are the types of diabetes
1: no insulin made
2: absent or decreased response to insulin
what is hypercholesterolaemia
- too much cholesterol in the blood
- increased risk of arteriosclerosis
- treated by statins
