Lecture 14: Drug Treatments for Ischaemic Heart Disease 2

Question 1

what are the main drugs used to treat hypercholesterolaemia with examples

Answer 1

statins eg

• simvastatin
• atorvastatin

Question 2

what are the ways of reducing cholesterol levels

Answer 2

• inhibit uptake from GI tract

- reduce production in liver

Question 3

which enzyme do statins inhibit

Answer 3

HMG CoA reductase

Question 4

what are examples of antiplatelet agents

Answer 4

• aspirin

- clopidogrel

Question 5

how does aspirin work

Answer 5

prevents production of thromboxane A2

Question 6

how does clopidogrel and prasugrel work

Answer 6

blocks P2Y12 receptors

Question 7

what is the issue with clopidogrel

Answer 7

• required cytochrome P450 enzymes for activation

- polymorphisms of the enzyme occur in a lot of the population which make it less effective

Question 8

what was the solution to clopidogrel and its issue

Answer 8

• prasugrel
• requires hydrolysis by esterase
• irreversible

Question 9

what was the solution to clopidogrel and prasugrel

Answer 9

ticagrelor which is irreversible and is orally active

Question 10

pain relief treatment for a myocardial infarction

Answer 10

diamorphine

Question 11

clot busting drugs used in a myocardial infarction

Answer 11

tenecteplase

Question 12

beta blockers used in myocardial infarction

Answer 12

short term: metoprolol

long term: bisoprolol

Question 13

what drug is used to treat heart failure

Answer 13

digoxin

Question 14

what drug is used to treat dysrhythmias

Answer 14

amiodarone