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Musculo > Lecture 5 (9-23) > Flashcards

Lecture 5 (9-23) Flashcards

1
Q

What is pain is experienced after injury has taken place and tissue damage is occurring

A

Acute

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2
Q

What pain is defined as pain lasting longer than 6 months

A

Chronic

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3
Q

Does chronic pain respond to intervention

A

No

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4
Q

If pain goes away and comes back does that constitute as chronic pain

A

No

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5
Q

What type of pain is perceived to be in an area that has little relation to the pathology

A

Referred

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6
Q

What type of pain is caused by irritation of nerves and nerve roots

A

Radicular/radiating

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7
Q

What causes referred pain to be long lasting (4)

A
  1. Altered reflex pattern
  2. Continued mechanical stress on muscles
  3. Learned habits of guarding
  4. Development of trigger points (hypersensitive areas)
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8
Q

Deep somatic pain is what type of pain

A

Referred

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9
Q

What is pain that emanates from a sclerotome

A

Deep somatic

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10
Q

True or False:

Deep somatic pain is often has a discrepancy between the site of pain and the location of pathology

A

True

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11
Q

What do we gain from rating pain (4)

A
  1. Improves communication
  2. Directs clinician testing
  3. Standard measure for monitoring progress
  4. Provides documentation of progress for physicians and third party payers
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12
Q

What does the patient gain from rating pain (2)

A
  1. Reassure the patient

2. Reinforce the commitment to the plan of treatment when gains are made

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13
Q

What are the 5 pain scales

A
  1. Visual analog scale
  2. Pain chart
  3. McGill pain questionnaire
  4. Activity pattern indicators pain profile
  5. Numeric pain rating scale (NPRS)
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14
Q

What type of pain scale assess location of pain and allows patient to color/draw on areas of pain

A

Pain charts

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15
Q

What pain scale is 78 words that describe pain grouped into sets, used for LBP, and show change ever 2-4 weeks

A

McGill pain questionnaire

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16
Q

What pain scale is 64 questions that examines functional impairment and frequency of certain behaviors

A

Activity pattern indicators pain profile

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17
Q

What pain scale is rated from 0-10

A

Numeric pain scales

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18
Q

What is the measure of how far a patient can go until it hurts

A

ROM to pain onset (TPO)

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19
Q

What is the measure of pain during isometric break testing

A

Force to pain onset (FTPO)

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20
Q

How do you manage pain (2)

A
  1. Identify source of pain

2. Select appropriate interventions based on best evidence

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21
Q

What are the 4 pain management strategies

A
  1. Encourage activities that influence perception of pain
  2. Extensive patient education
  3. Validate your patient’s pain
  4. Incorporate pain modulating modalities where appropriate
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22
Q

What are the activities that influence perception of pain (4)

A
  1. Motivation techniques
  2. Relaxation techniques
  3. Meditiation
  4. Diaphragmatic breathing
23
Q

What are ways to educate patients (3)

A
  1. Explain what patient should expect during recovery
  2. Discuss signs of inflammation
  3. Encourage gentle progression of activity
24
Q

True or False:

All pain is very real to patients

A

True

25
Q

When do we use goniometers (2)

A
  1. Patient says they have pain

2. Quantify deficits

26
Q

What are the 6 rationales for goniometry and MMT

A
  1. Ability to conduct test, record, and interpret findings
  2. Develop outcomes and goals
  3. Modify interventions
  4. Motivate patient
  5. Research effectiveness of intervention
  6. Fabricate orthotic/prosthetic/adaptive equipment
27
Q

What does goniometry measure

A

Osteokinematics not arthokinematics

28
Q

Degrees of error with plastic

A

5-7 degrees

29
Q

Degrees of error with metal

A

2-3 degrees

30
Q

What are the 3 parts of a goniometer

A
  1. Body
  2. Stationary arm (SA)
  3. Moveable arm (MA)
31
Q

What are the 4 tools used for goniometry

A
  1. Universal goniometer
  2. Inclinometer
  3. Electrogoniometer
  4. Visual exam
32
Q

What are the 3 plane of osteokinematics

A
  1. Sagittal plane
  2. Frontal/Coronal plane
  3. Transverse plane
33
Q

What axis goes with sagittal

A

Medial-lateral

34
Q

What axis goes with frontal

A

Anterior-posterior

35
Q

What axis goes with transverse

A

Vertical/Longitudinal

36
Q

What are the 3 notation systems

A
  1. 0-180
  2. 180-0
  3. 360
37
Q

What are the variations with goniometry (4)

A
  1. Age
  2. Sex
  3. Pathology
  4. Type: AROM PROM and joint play
38
Q

What are the 3 types of normal end feels

A
  1. Soft
  2. Firm
  3. Hard
39
Q

What is an empty end feel

A

No real end feel since end of ROM not reached due to pain or apprehension

40
Q

What are the 9 examiner influences of MMT

A
  1. Location of force
  2. Force maagnitude
  3. Speed of resistive force
  4. Duration of contraction
  5. Interaction between PT and patient
  6. Word choice and tone
  7. Wearing gloves
  8. ICU
  9. Avoid tricks of trade
41
Q

What are the 6 patient influences of MMT

A
  1. True effort expended
  2. Willingness to endure discomfort
  3. Fatigue
  4. Motor skills beyond ability
  5. Depression/malaise
  6. Cultural, social, gender issues
42
Q

What is a 5

A

Full ROM against max resistance and pass break

43
Q

What is a 5-

A

More than 1/2 range against max resist or fail break

44
Q

What is a 4+

A

Less than 1/2 range against max resistance

45
Q

What is a 4

A

Full ROM against moderate resistance and pass break

46
Q

What is a 4-

A

More than 1/2 range against moderate resistance or fail break

47
Q

What is a 3+

A

Less than 1/2 range against moderate resistance

48
Q

What is a 3

A

Full ROM against gravity

49
Q

What is a 3-

A

More than 1/2 range against gravity

50
Q

What is a 2+

A

Less than 1/2 range against gravity

51
Q

What is a 2

A

Full ROM gravity eliminated

52
Q

What is a 2-

A

More than 1/2 range gravity eliminated

53
Q

What is a 1+

A

Less than 1/2 range gravity eliminated

54
Q

What is a 1

A

Visual or palpatory without movement

Musculo (18 decks)

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