Diagnostic Accuracy

Question 1

What is reliability

Answer 1

Produces precise, accurate, and reproducible information

Question 2

What is diagnostic accuracy

Answer 2

Ability to discriminate between patients with and without a specific disorder

Question 3

What is pretest

Answer 3

The likelihood that a patient exhibits a specific disorder before the physical exam commences

Question 4

What is the posttest

Answer 4

Likelihood that a patient has a specific disorder after the clinical exam test has been performed

Question 5

What are the 4 types of data

Answer 5

1. Nominal
2. Ordinal
3. Interval
4. Ratio

Question 6

What is nominal data

Answer 6

Groupings/place holder

Question 7

What is ordinal data

Answer 7

Quantities that have a natural order, but cannot state with any certainty whether intervals between values are equal

Question 8

What does the Kappa coefficient do

Answer 8

Removes random selection or guessing that occurred

Question 9

What Kappa coefficient is good reliabilitity

Answer 9

Greater than 0.75

Question 10

What Kappa coefficient is moderate reliabilitiy

Answer 10

0.50-0.75

Question 11

What Kappa coefficient is poor reliability

Answer 11

Less than 0.50

Question 12

What is interrater reliability

Answer 12

Reliability between raters

Question 13

What is intrarater reliability

Answer 13

Reliability within a single rater

Question 14

What is interval data

Answer 14

Order with equal intervals but without an absolute zero point

Question 15

What is ratio data

Answer 15

Order with equal intervals and an absolute zero

Question 16

What does Pearson (r) do

Answer 16

Analyzes association between 2 measurements

Question 17

What is a true positive

Answer 17

Positive and present

Question 18

What is a true negative

Answer 18

Negative and not present

Question 19

What is a false positive

Answer 19

Positive and not present

Question 20

What is a false negative

Answer 20

Negative and present

Question 21

What is influenced by prevalence or total instances of a diagnosis in the population at a given time, sex ratios, or severity of disease

Answer 21

Spectrum Bias

Question 22

What does a positive predictive value do

Answer 22

Estimates the likelihood that a pt with a positive test actually has the disease

Question 23

What does a negative predictive value do

Answer 23

Estimates the likelihood that a pt with a negative test actually does not have the disease

Question 24

What is sensitivity

Answer 24

A measure of true positive rate

Question 25

What is specificity

Answer 25

A measure of true negative rate

Question 26

What does SnNOUT stand for

Answer 26

Sensitive test when negative rules out pt

Question 27

What does SpPIN stand for

Answer 27

Specific test when positive rules in

Question 28

What happens if the test is made less stringent

Answer 28

Increase of false positives will certainly increase and fewer cases will be missed

Question 29

What happens to sensitivity and specificity if you make the test less stringent

Answer 29

Increase sensitivity

Decrease specificity

Question 30

What happens if the test is made more stringent

Answer 30

A greater portion of those who are normal will test negative and a large number of true cases will be missed

Question 31

What happens to sensitivity and specificity if you make the test more stringent

Answer 31

Decrease sensitivity

Increase specificity

Question 32

What positive likelihood ratio is important

Answer 32

Greater than 10

Question 33

What negative likelihood ratio is important

Answer 33

0-0.1