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Musculo > Lecture 3 (9-16) > Flashcards

Lecture 3 (9-16) Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 reasons AROM could be limited

A
  1. Active muscle dysfunction
  2. Passive motion restriction
  3. Joint stability
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2
Q

What is active muscle dysfunction

A

Problem with the muscle

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3
Q

Examples of active muscle dysfunction

A

Organic weakness, reflex, inhibition due to pain or effusion, or abnormal motor recruitment

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4
Q

What falls under abnormal motor recruitment (3)

A
  1. Antagonists: guarding or splinting
  2. Synergists: Substitutions
  3. Abnormal temporal characteristics
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5
Q

What is passive motion restriction

A

Something is blocking the joint

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6
Q

What is joint stability

A

The person doesn’t want to do the same action that caused the injury

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7
Q

What are the 3 reasons PROM can be limited

A
  1. Passive insufficiency
  2. Intraarticular obstruction
  3. Muscle guarding or splinting
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8
Q

What structures is passive insufficiency due to

A

Capsule, ligament, or muscle that crosses 2 joints

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9
Q

What is intraarticular obstruction due to

A

Loose body, cartilage, or tissue

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10
Q

Can the amount of motion change with intraarticular obstruction

A

Yes, because loose body moves around

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11
Q

What is muscle guarding or splinting due to

A

Apprehension or pain from tissue reactivity

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12
Q

Who designed the contractile inert test (screen exam)

A

James Cyriax

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13
Q

When did Cyriax develop the contractile inert test

A

1930s

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14
Q

What does the contractile inert test examine

A

AROM, PROM, and resisted isometric testing

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15
Q

What end feel is bone on bone

A

Hard end feel

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16
Q

What end feel is springy rebound

A

Firm end feel

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17
Q

What end feel is soft tissue approximation

A

Soft end feel

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18
Q

What end feel occurs anytime a patient has pain or excessive ROM

A

Empty end feel

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19
Q

What are the 4 scores of the resisted isometric test

A
  1. Strong painless
  2. Strong painful
  3. Weak painful
  4. Weak painless
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20
Q

What is abnormal end feel

A

Limited ROM

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21
Q

How do you find the percentage of loss for pattern limitations

A

Take measured value and divide by normal value and multiple times 100 (% formula)

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22
Q

If pain you should ask what

A

Is it compression load intolerance or tensile load intolerance

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23
Q

What tissues experience compression load intolerance (6)

A
  1. Articular cartilage
  2. Periosteum
  3. Bursa/fat pad
  4. Tendon and/or tendon sheath
  5. meniscus or articular disc
  6. Neural tissue
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24
Q

What tissues experience tensile load intolerance (4)

A
  1. Capsule
  2. Ligament
  3. Tendon or muscle
  4. Neural tissue
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25
Tendons resist what 99.9% of the time
Tensile load
26
True or False: | If AROM is full and pain free you can choose not to perform PROM
True
27
What might cause AROM to be less than PROM
1. Active muscle dysfunction 2. Tensile load intolerance 3. Patient reluctance
28
What might cause AROM limitation = PROM limitation (3)
1. Passive insufficiency 2. Intra-articular obstruction 3. Muscle guarding or splinting
29
What might cause AROM>PROM
Patient won't let you move them because they don't trust you not to hurt them
30
What are the 3 aspects of muscle performance and testing
1. Strength 2. Power 3. Endurance
31
What is strength
10 rep max
32
What is power
1 rep max
33
What is endurance
Time component
34
What is a concentric contraction
Muscle shortening
35
What is an eccentric contraction
Muscle lengthening
36
What is an isometric contraction
Muscle doesn't change length
37
What are the types of muscle performance examination (2)
Resisted isometric tests and strength/endurance tests
38
What are the types of resisted isometric tests (2)
1. Cyriax classification | 2. Force to pain on set (FTPO)
39
What are the types of strength/endurace tests (4)
1. Manual muscle testing (MMT) 2. Isotonic "x" RM testing 3. Isokinetic testing 4. Functional task testing
40
If a patient has pain what can't you do
Manual muscle testing
41
What are the 3 things resisted isometric testing looks for
1. Testing the abilities of the contractile unit 2. Examining gross strength in a static position 3. Possible reactivity (pain production)
42
What is another name for resisted isometric testing
Break testing
43
What things are test when testing the abilities of the contractile unit (5)
1. innervation 2. Muscle 3. Myotendinous junction 4. Tendon 5. Tendoperiosteal junction
44
What are 3 observations an examiner should make during resisted isometric movement
1. Whether the contraction causes pain 2. Strength of contraction 3. Type of contraction causing problem
45
What is indicative or strong and painless
Normal contractile unit
46
What is indicative of strong and painful
"Minor" involvement in muscle or tendon
47
What is indicative of weak and painful
More severe muscle or tendon lesion
48
What is indicative of weak and painless
Complete muscle or tendon rupture or neurological problem
49
What grade is strong and painful
Grade 1
50
What grade is weak and painful
Grade 2
51
What grade is weak and painless
Grade 3
52
What is the only difference between FTPO testing and resisted isometric testing
Use of a dynamometer
53
What is the MMT grading scale
0-5
54
What does 0 indicate
No contraction
55
What does 5 indicate
Full strength
56
What does + mean
Less than half the expected range
57
What does - mean
More than half the expected range just not full
58
True or False: | There is a significant function difference between 3+, 3, 3-, and 2-
True
59
What are the aspects of joint integrity and mobility testing (6)
1. Examination of accessory motion 2. Testing performed by PT 3. Normally equal to or less than 4mm 4. Assess patient in resting or loose pack position 5. Typically assess motion parallel or perpendicular to the joint plane 6. Compare bilaterally
60
What is component motion
Motion that accompanies active motion, but not under voluntary control
61
What is joint play
Motion that occurs between the joint surfaces
62
What is loose pack
Position where there is the most joint play
63
What is closed pack
No joint play, flexion or extension
64
What happens to sympathetic activity if you increase inflammation
Increase
65
What happens to sympathetic activity if you decrease vascularity
Decrease
66
Moist and smooth represents increased or decreased sympathetic activity
Increased
67
Dry and scaly represents increased or decreased sympathetic activity
Decreased
68
Is pitting or not pitting bad
Pitting
69
What does pitting indicate
Vasculature issues

Musculo (18 decks)

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