Lecture 5

Question 1

Name the three basic forms of bacteria

Answer 1

coccus
bacillus
spiral shaped

Question 2

name 3 forms of coccus bacteria

Answer 2

streptococci
staphylococci
Diplococci

Question 3

Name a bacteria that is diplococci

Answer 3

neisseria

Question 4

What do cooci look like?

Answer 4

spheres

Question 5

What do bacilli look like?

Answer 5

rods

Question 6

What form are bacteria in the palisade arrangement?

Answer 6

bacilli

Question 7

Name 6 bacteria which are bacilli

Answer 7

Bacillus
E. Coli
klebsiella
clostridium
corynebacterium
vibrio

Question 8

Which bactera is in the palisade arrangement?

Answer 8

corynebacterium

Question 9

What do streptococci look like?

Answer 9

chains of cocci

Question 10

What do staphylococci look like?

Answer 10

clusters of cocci

Question 11

What does the pallisade arrangement look like?

Answer 11

a picket fence

Question 12

What shape are neisseria?

Answer 12

diplococci

Question 13

What shape is anthrax?

Answer 13

bacillus

Question 14

what shape is e. coli?

Answer 14

bacillus

Question 15

What shape is syphillis?

Answer 15

spirochete

Question 16

What shape is cholera?

Answer 16

vibrio?

Question 17

Vibrio bacteria are of what form?

Answer 17

bacilli

Question 18

What shape is tetnus?

Answer 18

bacilli

Question 19

What shape is diptheria?

Answer 19

palisade arrangement

Question 20

what shape is lyme disease?

Answer 20

spirochete

Question 21

What shape are spirochetes?

Answer 21

spirals, corkscrews

Question 22

Wat is the difference between vibrios and spirochetes regarding their shape?

Answer 22

vibrios do not complete a full revolution of their spiral

spirochetes contain at least one full spiral

Question 23

What form/shape of bacteria is the smallest in volume?

Answer 23

Cocci

Question 24

How big are cocci?

Answer 24

1 micrometer

Question 25

what form/shape of bacteria have the largest volume?

Answer 25

spirochetes

Question 26

What are the average dimensions of a bacilli?

Answer 26

0.5 micrometers x 2 micrometers

Question 27

What are the average dimensions of spirochetes?

Answer 27

.5 micrometers x 1 to 14 micrometers

Question 28

What is the glycocalyx?

Answer 28

outermost wall of bacteria is non living extracellular

Question 29

What are the 2 forms the glycocalyx may come in?

Answer 29

slime layer and capsule

Question 30

What bacteria have a slime layer?

Answer 30

staphylococcus aureus

Question 31

What bacteria have a capsule? | must name all 5

Answer 31

``` klebsiella pneumoniae streptococcus pneumoniae streptococcus pyogenes bacillus anthracis haemophillis influenzae ```

Question 32

Which is thicker: | a slime layer OR a capsule?

Answer 32

the capsule

Question 33

What type of glycocalyx does nosocomial pneumonia have?

Answer 33

capsule

Question 34

What does haemophillis influenzae cause?

Answer 34

Pneumonia, meningitus, AND the flu

Question 35

What is the chemistry of the slime layer?

Answer 35

poly peptide saccharides

Question 36

What 2 factors determine if a slime layer is formed?

Answer 36

Genetics and nutrition

Question 37

What do capsules look like on a colony?

Answer 37

mucus on the plate

Question 38

What does a slime layer look like on a colony?

Answer 38

wet and shiny

Question 39

How do you stain klebsiella to see the capsule under a microscope?

Answer 39

stain the organism with crystal violet then use with india ink

Question 40

What would a properly stained slide look like if you had stained to see the capsule?

Answer 40

black background purple bacteria clear capsule

Question 41

What are the 3 levels of identification?

Answer 41

shape/morphology gram staining enzymes at the biochemical level

Question 42

What are serovars?

Answer 42

A group of closely related microorganisms distinguished by a characteristic set of antigens

Question 43

What is the significance of serology when making vaccenes?

Answer 43

There are many serovars for the disease you're vaccinating against, but you only really need to include the most common strains in your vaccine

Question 44

What aids the formation of microcolonies?

Answer 44

capsules

Question 45

what is the significance of microcolonies?

Answer 45

only the outer bacteria die off, the inner ones are protected against dryness and chemicals they are harder for white blood cells to engulf

Question 46

What chemical does streptococcus pyogenes use to hide in the human body?

Answer 46

hyaluronic acid

Question 47

What is the function of hyaluronic acid?

Answer 47

in the human body it keeps our cells stuck together | streptococcus pyogenes uses this to its advantage to camouflage itself in the body

Question 48

Which organism uses hyaluronic acid to hide in the body?

Answer 48

streptococcus pyogenes

Question 49

How do capsules relate to virulence?

Answer 49

organisms with capsules are more virulent

Question 50

Which organism uses its capsule to attach to intubation and catheters?

Answer 50

Klebsiella

Question 51

If a bacteria does not have a glycocalyx is it avirulent?

Answer 51

no don't lick the sample if you do it can still infect you