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Microbiology Exam 1 > Lecture 1 > Flashcards

Lecture 1 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what is Taxonomy?

A

the naming, describing, classifying, grouping a bacteria, virus, etc.. great for both large and small organisms

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2
Q

what is Morphology?

A

structure and shape. Physiology (especially enzymatic functions), genetics (both DNA and RNA), ecology. Best for large organisms

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3
Q

Name the domains

A

archea, bacteria, eukaria

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4
Q

In nano meters what is the smallest the human eye can see?

A

.2 nano meters

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5
Q

Name the reproductive structure of bread mold that is visible to the human eye

A

Rhizopus sporangia and sporangium

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6
Q

Organisms less than ______ mm in diameter are considered microscopic

A

0.2 mm

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7
Q

Can multicellular organisms be microscopic?

A

yes

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8
Q

What make up the largest microscopic life?

A

eukaryotes

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9
Q

Name the 3 types of organisms considered microscopic

A

bacteria, algae, protozoa

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10
Q

Name three examples of microscopic organisms

A

E. coli
Hepatitis B
Mycoplasma

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11
Q

Can you see mycoplasma under a light microscope?

A

only in the absolute best conditions

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12
Q

Can you see viruses under a light microscope?

A

no

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13
Q

What did Lineas do?

A

he made the first 2 kingdoms (plants and animals)

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14
Q

What did Whittaker do?

A

he reclassified things as monera, protista, fungi, plantae, animalia

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15
Q

What goes into the group monera according to Whittaker?

A

all prokaryotes

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16
Q

What is the difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

A

prokaryotes don’t have membrane bound structures

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17
Q

T or F?

Monera lack ribosomes

A

False

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18
Q

What is the lowest level kingdom?

A

Monera

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19
Q

What kinds of organisms are in the kingdom protista?

A

simple eukaryotes; algae, water molds, protozoa

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20
Q

Name 5 examples of protista

A

green algae, potato blight, malaria, amoebic dysentery, Giardia

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21
Q

What kingdom does green algae belong to?

A

Protista

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22
Q

What kingdom does marlaria belong to?

A

Protista

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23
Q

Malaria is an example of _______ in the kingdom _______

A

protozoa, protista

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24
Q

Amoebic dysentery is an example of _______ in the kingdom _______

A

protozoa, protista

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25
Q

Giardia, which causes _________, is an example of _______ in the kingdom _______

A

beaver fever, protozoa, protista

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26
Q

Ringworm is an example of ________ in the kingdom ___________

A

a mold, fungi

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27
Q

Athlete’s foot is an example of ________ in the kingdom ___________

A

a mold, fungi

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28
Q

Candida Albicans, which causes ________, is an example of ________ in the kingdom ___________

A

Thrush in the throat, a yeast, fungi

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29
Q

Ascaris is a type of _________ which belongs to the kingdom _______

A

round worm, animalia

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30
Q

What is a hemalith? What kingdom does it belong to?

A

worms that cause infection, animalia

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31
Q

Name 4 types of hemaliths

A

round worms, pin worms, flat worms, schistosoma

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32
Q

which kingdom holds absoptive heterotrophs?

A

fungi

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33
Q

which kingdom holds photosynthetic autotrophs?

A

plantae

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34
Q

which kingdom holds ingestive heterotrophs?

A

animalia

35
Q

Are there unicellular fungi?

A

yes

36
Q

are there unicellular plants?

A

no

37
Q

name the 3 types of plants

A

bryophytes, gymnosperms, angiosperms

38
Q

what are bryophytes?

A

mosses

39
Q

what are gymnospers?

A

non-flowering plants (pines)

40
Q

what are angiosperms?

A

any plant that flowers

41
Q

what type of plant is grass?

A

angiosperm

42
Q

are bacteria prokaryotic or eukaryotic?

A

prokaryotic

43
Q

Do archaea cell walls have murein?

A

no

44
Q

Do bacteria cell walls have murein?

A

yes

45
Q

Bacteria cell membrane is phospholipids joined by _______ links

A

ester

46
Q

Archaea cell membrane is phospholipids joined by _______ links

A

ether

47
Q

Are archaea pathogenic?

A

no

48
Q

name 3 examples of archaea

A

extreme thermophiles
methanogens
extreme halophiles

49
Q

are viruses alive?

A

no

50
Q

name 2 features of viruses

A

acellular

have either RNA or DNA

51
Q

Is AIDS caused by a virus?

A

yes

52
Q

Is malaria caused by a virus?

A

no

53
Q

Is measles caused by a virus?

A

yes

54
Q

Is pneumonia caused by a virus?

A

no

55
Q

Is a cold caused by a virus?

A

yes

56
Q

Is the flu caused by a virus?

A

yes

57
Q

Is chlamydia caused by a virus?

A

no

58
Q

Is hepatitis caused by a virus?

A

yes

59
Q

Is herpes caused by a virus?

A

yes

60
Q

Is dysentery caused by a virus?

A

no

61
Q

Is HPV caused by a virus?

A

yes

62
Q

Is chicken pox caused by a virus?

A

yes

63
Q

What is phycology?

A

study of algae

64
Q

What is mycology?

A

study of fungi

65
Q

What is protozoology?

A

study of protozoa

66
Q

What is vriology?

A

study of viruses

67
Q

What is bacteriology?

A

study of bacteria

68
Q

What is medical microbiology?

A

relationship of microorganisms, diseases they cause

69
Q

What is parasitology?

A

study of parasites especially helminthes, fungi, and insects that transfer parasitic diseases

70
Q

What is immunology?

A

study of antibodies, allergies, and hyper sensitivity

71
Q

What is molecular biology?

A

the study of DNA, RNA, and gene recombination

72
Q

What is microbial ecology?

A

the study of the microbes involved in environmental cycles such as carbon and nitrogen

73
Q

What is microbial physiology?

A

study of the environmental cycles in depth especially concerning metabolism and fermentation

74
Q

name 5 beneficial things bacteria do for us

A 
decomposing
antibiotics
creation of other chemicals and drugs
research tools
foods
75
Q

what is a saprophyte/saprobe?

A

they break down dead things

76
Q

what are parasites?

A

they break down living things

77
Q

what are antibiotics?

A

chemicals that are produced by microorganisms that stop/inhibit growth of another microorganism (in small amounts)

78
Q

What are chemotheraputic agents?

A

drugs that have a very specific target and are not designed to have an effect directly on the paitent

79
Q

Name an antibiotic that is chemotheraputic

A

penicillin

80
Q

Name an antibiotic that is not chemotheraputic

A

cloprofloxacin

81
Q

how does penicillin work?

A

it targets the murein in the cell wall of bacteria

82
Q

how does cloprofloxacin work?

A

it blocks DNA synthesis in all creatures

83
Q

name 4 chemicals that bacteria produce

A

alcohol, acetic acid, interferon, insulin

84
Q

What fungi is used to make blue cheese?

A

penicillium

Microbiology Exam 1 (13 decks)

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