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Microbiology Exam 1 > Lecture 1 > Flashcards

Lecture 1 Flashcards

1
Q

what is Taxonomy?

A

the naming, describing, classifying, grouping a bacteria, virus, etc.. great for both large and small organisms

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2
Q

what is Morphology?

A

structure and shape. Physiology (especially enzymatic functions), genetics (both DNA and RNA), ecology. Best for large organisms

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3
Q

Name the domains

A

archea, bacteria, eukaria

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4
Q

In nano meters what is the smallest the human eye can see?

A

.2 nano meters

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5
Q

Name the reproductive structure of bread mold that is visible to the human eye

A

Rhizopus sporangia and sporangium

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6
Q

Organisms less than ______ mm in diameter are considered microscopic

A

0.2 mm

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7
Q

Can multicellular organisms be microscopic?

A

yes

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8
Q

What make up the largest microscopic life?

A

eukaryotes

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9
Q

Name the 3 types of organisms considered microscopic

A

bacteria, algae, protozoa

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10
Q

Name three examples of microscopic organisms

A

E. coli
Hepatitis B
Mycoplasma

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11
Q

Can you see mycoplasma under a light microscope?

A

only in the absolute best conditions

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12
Q

Can you see viruses under a light microscope?

A

no

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13
Q

What did Lineas do?

A

he made the first 2 kingdoms (plants and animals)

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14
Q

What did Whittaker do?

A

he reclassified things as monera, protista, fungi, plantae, animalia

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15
Q

What goes into the group monera according to Whittaker?

A

all prokaryotes

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16
Q

What is the difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes?

A

prokaryotes don’t have membrane bound structures

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17
Q

T or F?

Monera lack ribosomes

A

False

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18
Q

What is the lowest level kingdom?

A

Monera

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19
Q

What kinds of organisms are in the kingdom protista?

A

simple eukaryotes; algae, water molds, protozoa

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20
Q

Name 5 examples of protista

A

green algae, potato blight, malaria, amoebic dysentery, Giardia

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21
Q

What kingdom does green algae belong to?

A

Protista

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22
Q

What kingdom does marlaria belong to?

A

Protista

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23
Q

Malaria is an example of _______ in the kingdom _______

A

protozoa, protista

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24
Q

Amoebic dysentery is an example of _______ in the kingdom _______

A

protozoa, protista

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25
Giardia, which causes _________, is an example of _______ in the kingdom _______
beaver fever, protozoa, protista
26
Ringworm is an example of ________ in the kingdom ___________
a mold, fungi
27
Athlete's foot is an example of ________ in the kingdom ___________
a mold, fungi
28
Candida Albicans, which causes ________, is an example of ________ in the kingdom ___________
Thrush in the throat, a yeast, fungi
29
Ascaris is a type of _________ which belongs to the kingdom _______
round worm, animalia
30
What is a hemalith? What kingdom does it belong to?
worms that cause infection, animalia
31
Name 4 types of hemaliths
round worms, pin worms, flat worms, schistosoma
32
which kingdom holds absoptive heterotrophs?
fungi
33
which kingdom holds photosynthetic autotrophs?
plantae
34
which kingdom holds ingestive heterotrophs?
animalia
35
Are there unicellular fungi?
yes
36
are there unicellular plants?
no
37
name the 3 types of plants
bryophytes, gymnosperms, angiosperms
38
what are bryophytes?
mosses
39
what are gymnospers?
non-flowering plants (pines)
40
what are angiosperms?
any plant that flowers
41
what type of plant is grass?
angiosperm
42
are bacteria prokaryotic or eukaryotic?
prokaryotic
43
Do archaea cell walls have murein?
no
44
Do bacteria cell walls have murein?
yes
45
Bacteria cell membrane is phospholipids joined by _______ links
ester
46
Archaea cell membrane is phospholipids joined by _______ links
ether
47
Are archaea pathogenic?
no
48
name 3 examples of archaea
extreme thermophiles methanogens extreme halophiles
49
are viruses alive?
no
50
name 2 features of viruses
acellular | have either RNA or DNA
51
Is AIDS caused by a virus?
yes
52
Is malaria caused by a virus?
no
53
Is measles caused by a virus?
yes
54
Is pneumonia caused by a virus?
no
55
Is a cold caused by a virus?
yes
56
Is the flu caused by a virus?
yes
57
Is chlamydia caused by a virus?
no
58
Is hepatitis caused by a virus?
yes
59
Is herpes caused by a virus?
yes
60
Is dysentery caused by a virus?
no
61
Is HPV caused by a virus?
yes
62
Is chicken pox caused by a virus?
yes
63
What is phycology?
study of algae
64
What is mycology?
study of fungi
65
What is protozoology?
study of protozoa
66
What is vriology?
study of viruses
67
What is bacteriology?
study of bacteria
68
What is medical microbiology?
relationship of microorganisms, diseases they cause
69
What is parasitology?
study of parasites especially helminthes, fungi, and insects that transfer parasitic diseases
70
What is immunology?
study of antibodies, allergies, and hyper sensitivity
71
What is molecular biology?
the study of DNA, RNA, and gene recombination
72
What is microbial ecology?
the study of the microbes involved in environmental cycles such as carbon and nitrogen
73
What is microbial physiology?
study of the environmental cycles in depth especially concerning metabolism and fermentation
74
name 5 beneficial things bacteria do for us
``` decomposing antibiotics creation of other chemicals and drugs research tools foods ```
75
what is a saprophyte/saprobe?
they break down dead things
76
what are parasites?
they break down living things
77
what are antibiotics?
chemicals that are produced by microorganisms that stop/inhibit growth of another microorganism (in small amounts)
78
What are chemotheraputic agents?
drugs that have a very specific target and are not designed to have an effect directly on the paitent
79
Name an antibiotic that is chemotheraputic
penicillin
80
Name an antibiotic that is not chemotheraputic
cloprofloxacin
81
how does penicillin work?
it targets the murein in the cell wall of bacteria
82
how does cloprofloxacin work?
it blocks DNA synthesis in all creatures
83
name 4 chemicals that bacteria produce
alcohol, acetic acid, interferon, insulin
84
What fungi is used to make blue cheese?
penicillium

Microbiology Exam 1 (13 decks)

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