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cellular pathology year 2 > Lecture 4: Tissue recognition 1 > Flashcards

Lecture 4: Tissue recognition 1 Flashcards

1
Q

what are squamous cells called?

A

keratinocytes

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2
Q

what is the epidermis

A

Surface epithelial layer in contact with external environmentw

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3
Q

what is the dermis

A

Middle layer with blood vessels, glands, nerves

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4
Q

what is the hypodermis (subcutis)

A

deepest layer with adipose tissue

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5
Q

what is the skin histology

A

stratified squamous keratinised epithelial cells (epithelium)

dense irregular connective tissue with elastic and collagen fibres (dermis)

loose connective and adipose tissue (hypodermis)

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6
Q

what is the order of stratum from superficial to deep

A

corneum

lucidum

granulosum

spinosum

basale

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7
Q

what is the stratum basale

A

attached to dermis and is one layer of germinal cells attached to basement membrane

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8
Q

what is the stratum spinosum

A

composed of keratinocytes

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9
Q

what is the stratum granulosum

A

composed of keratinocytes with granules in them

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10
Q

what is the stratum lucidum

A

refractive zone found in thick skin

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11
Q

what is the stratum corneum

A

thick and contains dead cells

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12
Q

what is the dermis histology

A

papillary layer

dermal papillae

papillar capillaries

reticular layer

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13
Q

what is the upper respiratory tract epithelium

A

ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium

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14
Q

what is the lower respiratory tract consisted of

A

simple squamos epithelium

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15
Q

what does the epithelial layer consist of

A

goblet cells (produce mucus)

basement membrane (for structure)

strong blood supply

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16
Q

what is the histology of the bronchioles

A

epithelium in bronchioles starts as pseudostratified columnar -> ciliated columnar as diameter narrows

contains secretory cells with microvilli called club cells and smooth muscle

17
Q

what is the histology of terminal bronchioles

A

epithelium in terminal bronchioles = simple ciliated columnar -> cuboidal

contains secretory cells with microvilli called club cells and smooth muscle

18
Q

what is the histology of respiratory bronchioles

A

epithelium is simple columnar and simple cuboidal

contains secretory cells with microvilli called club cells and smooth muscle

19
Q

what is the histology of the alveoli

A

simple epithelium with pneumocytes

type 1 pneumocytes -> flattened, simple squamous

type 2-> dome shaped cuboidal (secrete surfactant)

20
Q

what does the digestive system do

A

Regulates intake, processing and absorption
ingested nutrients and disposal waste products

21
Q

what are the components of the tongue

A
  • Stratified squamous non- keratinised epithelium
  • DERMAL PAPILLAE->connective tissue in
    epithelium reducing tongue
    movement
  • FOLIATE PAPILLAE->ridges on lateral edges of tongue with
    FURROWS (receive saliva) and taste buds
22
Q

what muscles are in the tongue

A

skeletal muscle in 3 bundles

23
Q

what epithelial cells are in the oesphagus

A

stratified squamous non keratinised cells

24
Q

what type of epithelium is the stomach made up of

A

simple columnar

25
Q

what tissue is the submucosa made up of

A

dense irregular connective tissue

26
Q

what is filiform papilla involved in

A

substance movement, lightly keratinised

27
Q

what are lingual salivary glands

A

small

produce specific saliva (serous and mucous)

28
Q

what is the major role of the small intestine

A

nutrient absorption

29
Q

what are the three distinct regions of the small intestine

A

duodenum

jejunum

ileum

30
Q

what is the duodenum composed of and what does it do

A

DUODENAL GLANDS and absorbs nutrients and water
from food

31
Q

what is the jejunum composed of and what does it do

A

ENTEROCYTES, MICROVILLI and a BRUSH BORDER and
absorbs SUGARS, AMINO ACIDS and FATTY ACIDS

32
Q

what is the ileum composed of

A

lymphatic tissue called PEYER’S PATCHES and absorbs remaining nutrients with a main focus on VITAMIN B12 and recycles BILE

33
Q

what are the two most important structures of absorption for small intestine

A

villi

microvilli

34
Q

histology of the duodenum

A
35
Q

What cells are in the stomach and what do they do

A

Mucous cell - secrete mucus

Parietal cells. - secrete hcl

Chief cell - secrete pepsiongoen

G cell - secretes gastric hormone

36
Q

What do cardiac glands in the stomach do

A

Secrete mucous into gastric pits

37
Q

What do fundic glands do

A

Secrete hcl

cellular pathology year 2 (12 decks)

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