Lecture 4 Thigh and knee Flashcards
inclination angle under 120 degrees =
Coxa vara genu valga = knocked knees and pronated foot
inclination angle above 135 degrees =
Coxa valga genu vara = bowed legged and supinated foot
Inferior gluteal nerve roots
L5-S2
Superior gluteal nerve roots
L4-S1
strutures on femur that tell you whether it is a right/left femur
Intercondylar fossa is posterior and the femoral head is medial`
structure on lateral tibial plateau where IT band attaches
Gerdys tubercle
Posterior to anterior tibial plateau attachment sites for ligs and meniscus
PCL
Medial meniscus
Lateral Meniscus
Lateral meniscus
ACL
Medial meniscus
(PMLLAM)
Neck of fibula compression with a cold pack =
Common fibular nerve neuropathy
How to tell (left or right) patella
Bigger of the left (posterior), its a left patella
Knee joint that is outside of the knee
Proximal Tibiofibular joint
Simple patellar gliding/tacking problems =
Patellofemoral pain syndrome
Joint that is important for locking/unlocking knee
Tibiofemoral (transverse plane)
Increase in Q angle arises from knocked knees or bowed legs?
Knocked knees (coxa vara genu valga, pronated foot)
Q angle normal ranges for men and women
Male: 14-16
Female: 16-18
An increase in Q angle can cause what in the knee?
Dislocation/subluxation/lateral shift of patella during tracking (patellofemoral pain syndrome)
Anterior cruciate ligament resists
hyperextension (tibia moving anterior)
Posterior cruciate ligament resists
hyperflexion
Both the PCL and ACL are intra-articular and have
Two bands resisting valgus/varus
Medial collateral ligament resists
Valgus (intracapsular)
Lateral collateral ligament resists
Varus (extracapsular)
Iliohypogentric nerve roots
T12-L1
iliolinguinal nerve roots
L1 (only one with 1)
genitofemoral nerve roots
L1-L2
Femoral nerve roots and muscles innervated
(L2-L4); iliopsoas, sartorius, quadriceps
Obturator nerve roots and muscles innervated
(L2-L4); adductors
Muscle innervated by both Femoral and obturator nerves
Pectineus
Cutaneous Nerve that continues down to medial arch of foot
Femoral –> saphenous nerve
SGT FOT
Pes anserine distal attachments
Sartorius – Femoral nerve (L2-L4)
Gracilis – Obturator nerve (L2-L4)
Semitendinosus – Tibial nerve (L5-S2)
Blood supply for entire thigh =
Profunda femoris branches
Name change locations beginning with External Iliac artery
Name change occurs at the inguinal ligament and changes to femoral artery
Next the femoral artery changes to the popliteal artery at the adductor hiatus
A femoral neck fracture will do what to blood supply
Disrupt the circumflex artery and avascular necrosis will begin to occur because the foveal artery will not be enough for the lost circumflex artery
Result of increased pressure in a confined space of tissue resulting in devastating muscle and nerve loss
Compartment syndrome
Muscle that contains many orphan muscles
Iliopsoas (psoas minor, sternalis, etc)
Longest muscle in the body
Sartorius
Hip stretch with knee flexed will involve what muscle
Rectus femoris
Hip stretch with knee extended will involve which muscle
iliopsoas
Tibial tuberosity overgrowth
Osgood schlatters disease
jumpers knee =
Patellar tendinitis
focus of post surgical knee rehab is called
Extensor lag
excessive internal rotation is called
Anteversion
Excessive external rotation is called
Retroversion
Muscle involved in ante/retroversion of the hip =
Pectineus
Sports hernia =
Adductor longus strain
Muscle innervated by the obturator nerve (L2-L4) perform what action
Adduction
What type of bursitis is located posterolateral to the greater trochanter
Greater trochanteric bursitis
Subinguinal space (anterior outlet) contents
- Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve
- External iliac vessels to femoral vessels ( femoral sheath)
Femoral triangle boundary and contents
Subinguinal space is boundary
Contains:
Femoral n. a. v.
Lymphatic duct
Boundaries of the adductor canal
Anterior wall = Sartorius
Medial wall = adductor longus
Lateral wall = vastus medialis
The femoral triangle continues into the
Adductor canal
A (blank) is a synovial fluid effusion located posterior to the popliteal fossa
Bakers cyst
Which muscles form the adductor canal
Sartorius (anterior), Adductor longus (medial), and vastus medialis (lateral)
Innervation of Biceps femoris long head and short head
LH: Tibial nerve (S1-S3)
SH: Common fibular nerve (L5-S2)
Hamsting muscles medial to lateral
Semimembranosus
Semitendinosus
Biceps femoris
Where does the sciatic nerve run?
Deep to biceps femoris
The femoral artery name changes to the popliteal artery where?
Adductor hiatus
Attachment site of SGT FOT
Pes anserine (MEDIAL TIBIA)
Sartorius (Femoral nerve L2-L4)
Gracilis (Obturator nerve L2-L4)
Semitendinosus (Tibial nerve L5-S2)
