Back/Posterior Neck Musculature

Question 1

Proximal and Distal attachment of Upper/middle/lower Trapezius

Answer 1

Upper prox: external occipital protuberance
Middle prox: ligamentum nuchae
Lower prox: Spinous processes C7-T12

Distal: Scapular spine and acromion process of scapula, lateral/distal 1/3 of clavicle

Question 2

Innervation of Trapezius

Answer 2

Spinal accessory nerve (cranial nerve 11)

Question 3

Blood supply of Trapezius

Answer 3

Superficial transverse cervical artery

Question 4

Trapezius actions

Answer 4

Elevation of scapula; Upward rotation; retraction/adduction

Question 5

Prox/distal attachemnts for Multifidi

Answer 5

Prox: dorsal surface of sacrum, trans processes T12-C3, posterior superior iliac spine
Distal: SPinous processes of vertebrae up until C2

Question 6

Innervation of Multifidi

Answer 6

Dorsal rami of spinal nerves

Question 7

Blood supply of Multifidi

Answer 7

Various arteries at different levels

Question 8

Action of multifidi

Answer 8

Back extension (Bilateral), ipsilateral side bending, contralateral rotation

Question 9

Prox/distal attachment of Splenius cervicis

Answer 9

Prox: Spinous processes of T3-T6
Distal: transverse processes of C3-C6

Question 10

Innervation of Splenius Cervicis

Answer 10

Dorsal rami of spinal nerves

Question 11

Blood supply of Splenius Cervicis

Answer 11

Occipital artery and posterior intercostal artery

Question 12

Action of splenius cervicis

Answer 12

Neck ext; ipsilateral side bending, rotation of neck

Question 13

Prox/distal attachment of Splenius Capitis

Answer 13

Prox: ligamentum nuchae and Spinous processes of C7-T3
Distal: lateral superior nuchal line and mastoid process

Question 14

Innervation of Splenius capitis

Answer 14

Dorsal rami of spinal nerves C2-C3

Question 15

Blood supply of Splenius Capitis

Answer 15

Occipital artery

Question 16

Action of Splenius Capitis

Answer 16

Head/neck ext; ipsilateral side bending, rotation of head

Question 17

Prox/distal attachment for Latissimus dorsi

Answer 17

Prox: Spinous processes T6-T12; thoracolumbar fascia, illiac crest
Distal: medial lip of the intertubercular sulcus (humerus)

Question 18

Innervation of Latissimus dorsi

Answer 18

Thoracodorsal nerve (TD68) and middle subscapular nerve

Question 19

Blood supply of Latissimus dorsi

Answer 19

Subscapular artery

Question 20

Action of Latissimus dorsi

Answer 20

Internal rotation, extension, and adduction of glenohumeral joint; also an accessory nerve for expiration

Question 21

Prox/distal attachment of Rhomboid minor

Answer 21

Prox: spinous processes C7-T1
Distal: medial border of the scapula between root of spine and superior angle

Question 22

Innervation of Rhomboid minor

Answer 22

Dorsal scapular nerve (C4-C5)

Question 23

Blood Supply for Rhomboid minor

Answer 23

Dorsal scapular artery

Question 24

Action of Rhomboid minor

Answer 24

Elevation, downward rotation, retraction/adduction of scapula

Question 25

Prox/Distal attachment of Rhomboid major

Answer 25

Prox: Spinous processes pf T2-T5 Distal: medial border of scapula inferior to the scapular spine

Question 26

Innervation of Rhomboid major

Answer 26

Dorsal scapular nerve (C4-5)

Question 27

Blood supply of Rhomboid major

Answer 27

Dorsal scapular artery

Question 28

Action of Rhomboid major

Answer 28

Elevation, downward rotation, retraction of scapula

Question 29

Prox/distal attachments of Obliquus Capitis inferior/superior

Answer 29

Inferior Prox: Spinous process of C2 (axis) Inferior Distal: Transverse process atlas (C1) Superior prox: Transverse process of Atlas (C1) Superior distal: Lateral inferior nuchal line

Question 30

Innervation of Obliquus Capitis inferior/superior

Answer 30

Dorsal rami of C1 (suboccipital nerve)

Question 31

Blood supply of Obliquus capitis inferior/superior

Answer 31

vertebral/occipital artery

Question 32

Actions of OC Inferior/superior

Answer 32

Inferior: neck extension (B), ipsilateral SB/RT (NO HEAD MOVEMENT) Superior: head ext (B), ipsilateral SB, contralateral rotation

Question 33

Prox/distal attachments of Rectus capitis posterior minor/major

Answer 33

Prox minor: Posterior tubercle of C1 Distal minor: medial inferior nuchal line Prox major: spinous process of C2 Distal major: lateral inferior nuchal line

Question 34

Innervation of RCP minor/major

Answer 34

Dorsal rami of spinal nerve C1 (suboccipital nerve)

Question 35

Blood supply of RCP minor/major

Answer 35

Minor: vertebral/occipital artery Major: occipital artery

Question 36

Actions of RCP minor/major

Answer 36

Minor: head ext Major: head ext, ipsilateral SB/RT