Lecture 4 Ions And Molecules Flashcards
What’s is group 1A (periodic table) called?
Alkali metals
Alkali Metals
Group 1A
They are reactive
Called alkali because they make positively charged ions that tend to from basic (alkaline) aqueous solutions
What are rows on the periodic table called?
Periods
What are columns on the periodic table called?
Groups
What will a period tell you?
How many shells the element has
What will a group tell you?
The number of valence electrons in the outer shell
How many bonds does Carbon make?
4
What is Group 2A called?
Alkaline Earth metals
How reactive are Alkaline Earth metals ?
They are less reactive then alkali metals
What is Group 7A(17) called?
Halogens
How reactive are Halogens?
Extremely reactive
Especially Cl and F
They only need one electron
What is Group 8A (18) called?
Noble gases
How reactive are Noble gases?
Not reactive at all
They have a full shell.
What elements make up 96% of the body?
Oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen
What are the 7 elements that are important in the body in small amounts?
Calcium, Phosphorus, sulfur, sodium, magnesium, chlorine, potassium
Are the 7 elements toxic?
The body is really good at regulating these elements, it’s hard for them to be toxic
What are Trace elements? Are they toxic?
Elements that are needed in really small amounts
Too much can be toxic
Elements important for bones
Calcium and Phosphorus
Iodine is vital for?
A functioning thyroid gland
Controls metabolism
What was added to salt that eliminated goiter?
Iodine
What does Fluorine do and what form do we need it in?
Hardens teeth and bones
We need it in the form fluoride (taken an extra electron)
What was added to water that decreased cavities in teeth?
Fluoride
What is iron needed for ? And what was iron added to?
Needed for hemoglobin in blood to bind oxygen
Added to cereal
What does Sodium and Potassium do for the body?
As ions they are required for proper functioning of the nervous system cells and muscle cells
