Lecture 4 (

Question 1

Attribution theory

Answer 1

the ways we judge people differently, depending on the meaning we attribute to a behavior

Question 2

Fundamental attribution error

Answer 2

tendency to underestimate the influence of external factors and overestimate the influence of internal factors when making judgements about the behavior of others

Question 3

Self-serving bias

Answer 3

tendency for individuals to attribute their own successes to internal factors and put the blame for failures on external factors

Question 4

Halo effect

Answer 4

tendency to draw a positive general impression about an individual based on a single characteristic

Question 5

Horns effect

Answer 5

tendency to draw a negative general impression about an individual based on a single characteristic

Question 6

Confirmation bias meaning

Answer 6

tendency to seek out information that reaffirms past choices and current views and to discount information that challenges them

Question 7

Availibility bias meaning

Answer 7

human tendency to rely on information that comes readily to mind when evaluating situations or making decisions

Question 8

Anchory bias meaning

Answer 8

people’s tendency to rely too heavily on the first piece of information they receive on a topic

Question 9

Randomness error meaning

Answer 9

Trying to create or perceive meaning from random events based on false information or superstition

Question 10

Hindsight bias

Answer 10

tendency to falsely believe after an event occurs that the person have accurately predicted that outcome

Question 11

Utilitarianism meaning

Answer 11

ethical perspective in which deisions are made to provide the greatest good for all

Question 12

Deonance meaning

Answer 12

people care about justice because it is the right/moral thing to do and not because of self-interested reasons

Question 13

Whistleblowers meaning

Answer 13

individuals who report unethical practices by their employer to outsiders