Lecture 2 (Job attitudes, moods & emotions)

Question 1

Conceptual model consists of these 4 types of variables

Answer 1

• Independent variables
• Dependent variables
• Mediating variables
• Moderating variables

Question 2

Attitude

Answer 2

Evaluative (i.e. favourable or unfavourable) statements about objects, people, events etc”. They reflect how do we feel about something

Question 3

3 parts of attitude

Answer 3

1. Cognition: What do you see, hear, perceive, know?
2. Affect: How do you feel about this?
3. Behaviour: How do you act?

Question 4

Job satisfaction factors

Answer 4

• Content of the job
• Social context
• Pay (generally a weak factor)
• Personality
• Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)

Question 5

Emotions vs Moods (compare)

Answer 5

Emotions:
-Intense
-Caused by specific event
-Lasts from a short span of time
-Specific facial expressions

Moods:
-Less intense
-Cause is either general or unknown
-Last for a longer span of time
-Less specifically expressed

Question 6

What can emotional labour lead to?

Answer 6

Emotional dissonance

Question 7

What is emotional dissonance

Answer 7

conflict between felt (Actual) emotions and displayed emotions

Question 8

What can emotional dissonance lead to?

Answer 8

Burnout

Question 9

What can positive moods and emotions lead to?

Answer 9

Better decisions
making, more creativity, self -efficacy, more credibility and overall better performance

Question 10

Three factors of ???

Answer 10

1.) Consistency: Does the person act the same in similar situations over time?
2.) Consensus: Does everyone facing the same situation act the same way?
3.) Distinctiveness: Does the person act the same in different situations?

Question 11

Fundamental attribution error meaning

Answer 11

error in which people view good results/outcomes as their own
effort, yet they blame poor results/outcomes of external factors, while doing the opposite for others

Question 12

Methods in judging people

Answer 12

Selective perception, Halo effect, Contrast effects, stereotyping

Question 13

Selective perception meaning

Answer 13

You (don’t) see what you (don’t) want to see

Question 14

Halo effect

Answer 14

General impression based on a single characteristic

Question 15

Contrast effect

Answer 15

Persons are often evaluated relative to others

Question 16

Stereotyping

Answer 16

A person is categorized in a group based on one characteristic

Question 17

Individualistic countries meaning

Answer 17

Countries in which people see themselves as independent and desire personal goals and personal control

Question 18

Collectivistic countries

Answer 18

Countries in which people see themselves
as interdependent and seek community and group goals

Question 19

Moral emotions meaning

Answer 19

Emotions that have determine if an action is moral or not

Question 20

Positivity offset

Answer 20

tendency of most individuals to interpret neutral situations as mildly positive

Question 21

Emotion labour meaning

Answer 21

Situation in which an employee expresses organizationally desired emotions
during interpersonal transactions at work

Question 22

Surface acting meaning

Answer 22

“putting on a face” of appropriate
response to a given situation

Question 23

Deep acting meaning

Answer 23

Trying to modify our true inner feelings based on display rules

Question 24

Which surface or deep acting drains psychologically more

Answer 24

Surface acting drains more.

{Because we are actually trying to experience the emotion, so we experience less emotional exhaustion}

Question 25

Affective events theory (AET) meaning

Answer 25

Employees react emotionally to things that happen to
them at work, and this reaction influences their job performance and satisfaction

Question 26

Emotional intelligence (EI) meaning

Answer 26

person’s ability to: (1) perceive emotions in him or herself and others;
(2) understand the meaning of these emotions; and
(3) regulate his or her own emotions accordingly

Question 27

Emotion regulation meaning

Answer 27

identify and modify the emotions you feel

Question 28

Cognitive
component of an attitude meaning

Answer 28

Description of or belief in the way things are [my pay is low]

Question 29

Affective component meaning

Answer 29

The emotional or feeling segment
of an attitude reflected in the statement “I am angry over how little I’m paid.”

Question 30

Behavioural component meaning

Answer 30

intention to behave a
certain way toward someone or something

[“I’m going to look for another job that pays better.”]

Question 31

Most important moderators of the attitudes relationship

Answer 31

• the importance of the attitude,
  -correspondence to behaviour,
  -its accessibility,
  -the presence of social pressures,
  -whether a
  person has direct experience with the attitude.

Question 32

Most important attitudes

Answer 32

1. Job satisfaction
2. Job involvement
3. Organizational commitment
4. Perceived Organizational support (POS)
5. Employee engagements

Question 33

Perceived organizational support (POS) meaning

Answer 33

The degree to which employees believe an organization values their contribution and cares about their well-being

Question 34

Employee engagement meaning

Answer 34

An individual’s involvement with, satisfaction with, and enthusiasm
for the work he or she does

Question 35

Impact of job dissatisfaction

Answer 35

-Exit (active, destructive)
-Voice (active, constructive)
-Loyalty (passive, constructive)
-Neglect (passive destructive)

Question 36

Counterproductive work behaviour (CWB) meaning

Answer 36

Intentional employee behaviour that is contrary to the
interests of the organization

Question 37

Job embeddedness meaning

Answer 37

the collection of forces that influence employee retention and commitment