Lecture 3 - The self Flashcards
self-image
who am I?
self-scheme
how you think about yourself
taxonomies of self
individual self: uniqueness
relaional self: people I belong to
collective self: group memberships
self-discrepency theory
actual self: actual traits
ought self: what I should be like
ideal self
predicts life satisfaction
self-awareness brain region
anterior cingulate cortex
symbolic interactionism
Mead
biological basis + developmental input
cultural interactions = symbols
language, preferences, roles
individualistic culture
independent, unique self
defined by individual aspects
collective culture
define self by group memberships and family
Kim & Markus
pen experiment
Asians picked similar pens, Americans unique ones
predictor for Milgram experiment
agreeableness
impact bias
underestimating resilience to bad experiences
focussing illusion
Kahneman
mostly moods don’t have a specific reason
threat to self-esteem
f.e. if a friend is good at something we also do
explicit self-esteem
self-report
aware
implicit self-esteem
unconscious
measured by reaction time and implicit association
self-esteem scores
vary a lot
generally a bit over mid of scale
narcissism characteristics
inflated self-image deserving special treatment resentful when threatened lack empathy associated with crime, esp. rape
grandious narcissist developmental
was put on a pedastal as child
vulnerable narcissist
cold, unaffective parent
narcissism and self-esteem
unstable
superiority vs fragile ego
criticism as disrespect
NPI
narcissistic personality inventory
increased since 70s
self-serving bias
when you’re good, it’s due to you, when you’re bad, it’s due to the situation
depressed have less, maladaptive although it is realistic
better-than-average effect
you’re better than others, especially in morality
unrealistic optimism
overestimating positive future
false consensus effect
overestimating how many people agree with you
false uniqueness effect
overestimating how special you are
self-promotion
emphasizing own success and capacities
false modesty
downplaying own contributions
seen as nice
self-handicapping
create obstacles for good performance to make success appear better and rationalize failure
self-handicapping and self-esteem
low s-e: to rationalize succes
high s-e: to rationalize failure
spotlight effect
overestimating how many negative details people see on you
CORFing
cutting off reflected failure
-> distancing from unsuccessful others
BIRGing
basking in reflected glory
-> associate with successful others
