Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Intro to Surgery > Lecture 3 - Prepping Patient for Surgery > Flashcards

Lecture 3 - Prepping Patient for Surgery Flashcards

1
Q

What are some surgical risk assessments associated with the patient?

A

Age, type/extent of primary disease, general physical status, associated illnesses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are some surgival risk assessments associated with intervention?

A

Technically feasible, duration, invasiveness, urgency

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are some surgical risk assessments associated with the team?

A

Training, equiment, facility

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

In human medicine, _____% of surgical complications are related to technical/judgement errors.

A

47-96%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are 4 things that should happen in the preoperative client communication process?

A
  1. Client should be informed of ALL options
  2. Client should be given a written estimate
  3. Client should sign a consent form (surgery, anesthesia, risks)
  4. Client should keep their insurance company in the loop about what is happening with their pet (if applicable)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the prognoses from best to worst?

A

Excellent, Good, Fair, Guarded, Poor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is an excellent prognosis?

A

Minimal complications, return to function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is a good prognosis?

A

Potential for complications, return to function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is a fair prognosis?

A

Complications possible, unlikely to be functional

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is a guarded prognosis?

A

Unknown or variable outcome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is a poor prognosis?

A

Severe complications likely, death, not functional

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the proper attire while you’re in the prep room?

A

Surgical scrubs with lab coat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What purpose does your lab coat serve?

A

Protects scrubs from dirt hair, etc.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What should you do with your lab coat prior to starting the surgical scrub on the patient?

A

remove it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What things should you put on prior to starting the surgical scrub on the patient?

A

Cap, mask, show covers, exam gloves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What should you use for hair removal on a patient?

A

Clippers (NOT razor)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

When could you maybe get away with not clipping hair for surgery?

A

If it is very thin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Why shoudl you avoid traumatizing the skin when clipping hair?

A

To decrease surgical site infection (SSI)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

When should hair be removed and why?

A

Immediately prior to surgery, less chance for skin infection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Why should a wide region of hair be clipped?

A

To accommodate incision extension if needed, and for drainage areas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What size blade should be used for clipping hair?

A

40

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

How should the clippers be held?

A

Flat against the skin, pencil grip

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Which direction should hair be clipped in?

A

Initially with growth, then against

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

How far from each side of the incision should hair be clipped?

A

15-20 cm on either side

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What should be used to remove clipped hair?

A

vacuum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What things should an ideal antiseptic kill?

A

Bacteria, fungi, viruses, protozoa, spores

27
Q

T/F: The ideal antiseptic doesn’t have to be hypoallergenic

A

False

28
Q

The ideal antiseptic should be _____ and able to be used repeatedly safely.

A

nontoxic

29
Q

The ideal antiseptic should have _____ activity.

A

residual

30
Q

T/F: The ideal antiseptic should not be absorbed.

A

True

31
Q

When should saline be used to prep a surgical site?

A

When there are open wounds

32
Q

What are some solutions used for prepping a surgical site?

A

Iodine-based, chlorhexidine gluconate, 0.9% saline, dura prep, alcohol, ophthalmic prep

33
Q

How should the prepuce be prepped in dogs?

A

Flush with 1:40 chlorhexidine solution

34
Q

How should the prepuce be prepped in horses?

A

Suture closed or purse string

35
Q

Why do we need to worry about the prepuce in surgical prep?

A

There is a potential for urine to leak into the surgical field if the prepuce is not prepped correctly

36
Q

How do you prep the anus for surgery and why do we worry about this?

A

Purse string or pack with 4x4s; prevent fecal matter from going into surgical site

37
Q

What should we do to the bladder before surgery?

A

Empty it manually or by cystocentesis

38
Q

What is the proper patient scrub technique called and what does it mean?

A

clean hand, dirty hand;

One hand is used in the prep canister and then passes to the hand that will be scrubbing

39
Q

What is the procedure for scrubbing a patient?

A
  1. Start in the center of the field and work outward
  2. 3 chlorhex scrubs (minimum)
  3. Rinse with 70% alcohol in between each
  4. Total scrub must be on the skin for at least 3 min
  5. Repeat as many times as needed if patient is still dirty
40
Q

What should you do if you need to go back to the center during a scrub?

A

Use a new sponge

41
Q

What should you do with the sponge if you touch hair or a very dirty region?

A

throw it away

42
Q

Where should excess solution from the scrub sponge be squeezed?

A

Into the trash, NOT the prep canister

43
Q

What is the contact time for scrub once the patient is clean?

A

At least 3 min

44
Q

When are local blocks placed?

A

After scrubbing, before final scrub

45
Q

What is the goal of draping?

A

To cover the patient and surgical table to where there is no potential for contamination

46
Q

Why is it important to know how a drape is folded?

A

It decreases risk of contamination when opening the drape

47
Q

What side should the drape be placed on first?

A

Between you and the patient, then cranial and caudal, then walk around to the other side

48
Q

Drapes can be moved _____ to/from the incision, not _____.

A

away, towards

49
Q

What instrument should be used to secure huck towels?

A

Backhaus (penetrating) towel clamps

50
Q

What instrument should be used to secure the paper drape?

A

Lorna-Edna (non-penetrating) towel clamps

51
Q

What should be used to cut the fenestration on the drape?

A

mayo scissors

52
Q

What type of prep is used for orthopedic surgery and why?

A

hanging leg prep; need to be able to touch all sides of the limb

53
Q

In large animals, how can the surgery site be scrubbed in a way that is different from small animal?

A

Can work from incision outwards in linear lines instead of circles, may rinse directly from alcohol bottle

54
Q

How should alcohol be poured on large animals?

A

Liquid should flow away from incision site

55
Q

Small animal positioning should be done in a way that avoids _____.

A

tension on limbs and thorax

56
Q

What objects can be used to help position the animal?

A

Ties, sandbags, tape, vacuum assisted devices

57
Q

Why should the animal’s limbs be tied gently to the table?

A

If the animal moves there is restraint;
Lowers risk of contamination to sx site if animal becomes light;
Poor positioning will make surgery more difficult

58
Q

What are general prep steps for horses?

A

Grooming, picking out hooves, removing shoes/wrapping feet, rinsing mough, bandaging limbs

59
Q

Patients that weigh _____ have an increased chance of complications

A

> 500#/227 kg

60
Q

What can poor positioning of large animals lead to?

A

Trauma, myopathy, and neuropathy

61
Q

How should horse legs be positioned for surgery?

A

Supported so that they are not hanging

62
Q

What are some complications associated with gluteal muscles in large animals?

A

Rhabdomyolysis, myelomalacia

63
Q

What are some complications associated with post-anesthetic neuropathy in large animals?

A

Lateral recumbency, radial nerve, femoral nerve, facial nerve

Intro to Surgery (36 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions