lecture 3 pneumonia and TB unfinished Flashcards
defence mechanism secretion
IgA
most common antibody in the airways
IgA
how does IgA work in the airways
stops pathogens binding to the epithelium
how do IgG and IgM get to the airways
blood vessels
what does the IgG and IgM do
activates the compliment
commensalism
when one organism benefits and the other is unaffected
Opportunistic infections
act on the immunocompramised
Bronchitis affects
the tracheobronchial tree
when do you get peaks of Bronchitis
winter
Bronchitis symptoms
cough
wheeze
SOB
what is Bronchitis usually caused by
virus
what are the common viruses that cause Bronchitis
influenza, adenovirus and rhinovirus
out of blood test, spirometry and chest Xray which is most likely to be abnormal bronchitis
spirometry
what results would you get with spirometry with bronchitis
obstructive - inflammation
management of bronchitis
bronchodilators - salbutamol
possibly steroids
what is salbutamol
short acting beta 2 agonist
typical pneumonia bacteria
S pneumoniae, H influenzae and M catarrhalis
what do the typicla pneumonia bacteria respond to
beta lactams
name some beta lactams
penicillin
cephlasporin
atypical pneumonia bacteria
legionella pneumophila, mycoplasma and chlamydia
what drugs do you give for atypical pneumonia
macrolides or quinolones
when would you get pleuritic chest pain with pneumonia
if the pleura become inflammed
clinical signs of pneumonia
crackles
reduced breath sounds
bronchial breathing
what would you find raised in pneumonia
inflammatory markers e.g. white cells and C reactive protein
if it is hospital aqcuired pneumonia what is the most likely cause
gram neg
what would you find on ECG of pneumonia
AF
sinus tachycardia
what would you see on imaging in pneumonia
consolidation
what is used for predicting mortality in pneumonia
CURB 65
what is the CURB65
confusion urea resp rate blood pressure \+65
treatments for pneumonia
amoxicillin if low CURB65
amoxicillin and clarithromyocin if high CURB65
