Lecture 3 Flashcards
What is collective action?
Intentional actions of groups of individuals aimed at benefiting a group.
What is the goal of collective action?
To reduce prejudice and discrimination-using social change, norm change, attitude change, or belief chance
What happens if there is pessimism in the possibility of collective action?
It is still undertaken, serving the purpose of expressing group emotions (anger, outrage), expressing group legitimacy/affirming group distinctiveness, expressing group identity.
How do extroverts and introverts differ in their collective action?
Extroverts are more likely to be active (protests, riots etc) and also more group oriented. Introvers are less active and more passive (ex: letter writing, calling etc)
What is effective collective action?
Intentions are seeing 2 groups as “we” rather than “us/them”. Creates or increases the salience f a subordinate identity, sense of instability, challenged advantaged groups beliefs about boundaries/permeability. Invokes norm of discrimination being unacceptable.
What is ineffective collective action?
Invokes a norm that discrimination is common and widely practiced-promotes positive attitudes towards the advantaged group
What happens if there is positive attitude promotion towards the advantaged group?
If the advantaged group is well-liked, by the disadvantaged groups, then things will not change. No conflict, no collective action
What are stereotypes?
Social categories aimed at reducing cognitive load
What are primitive categories?
Automatic groupings like age, gender, and race. We use this information to draw conclusions.
How quickly do we create primitive categories?
Within milliseconds
What are the pros and cons of primitive categories?
Pros: Allows us to make quick social categories and pair down information in our social environment
Cons: Conclusions may be inaccurate
What are categorizations based on ingroup and outgroup?
Categorize based on those who are like tuus or not like us
What are illusory correlations (Hamilton and Gifford)
An erroneous inference about the relationship between two categories. People overestimate the frequency of the co-occurence of a distinctive group and event
What kinds of illusory correlations do we make>
If an infrequent hostile event comes from a minority group, we pay attention to this more because it is anomalous. Causes us to come to unfounded conclusions.
What was the experiment done by Hamilton and Gifford on illusory correlations?
Participants read 39 sentences about 2 groups. 2/3 of the statements described group A, 1/3 described group B (group b as more distinctinve). For both A and B there is the same percentage of undesirable behaviours, but group B was still distinctive due to there being less participants. After viing these sentences, participants were asked about attributions of group membership, frequency estimates, and trait ratings.
