Lecture 3

Question 1

Practical philosophy

Answer 1

Those who do business are fed by the nobles (kings and priests)

Question 2

Utilitarianism

Answer 2

We always follow pleasure and avoid pain

Question 3

Is friendship animal in core

Answer 3

Do friends brings you pleasure (yes),

do you have passion to be with friends

Question 4

Honesty

Answer 4

Being correct when giving services (you do what you have to do) , Doing good services

Question 5

Social values

Answer 5

motives that essentialy prevent bad actions and are appreciated by society

Question 6

Why do we have values

Answer 6

Because they bring benefit to others

Question 7

Values are desires/motivations

Answer 7

Sacrifice is valuedddd

Question 8

Moral values (Question values vs social value differences)

Answer 8

motives that essentialy prevent bad actions and are appreciated by society and giude urself..

Question 9

when you are honorable person, what will make you stop do bad thing

Answer 9

love of justice/honor/god/kindness

Question 10

Will or virtue

Answer 10

capacities allowing to exercise an effort in view of a greater good to a lesser one
Fortitude (neutral) (enduring pain to achieve a greater good ghandi vs hitler)

Question 11

types of virtue/will (neutral)

Answer 11

prudence : capacity to foresee the bad stuff that will happen (neutral)
fortitude: capacity to endure pain in order to achieve a goal (neutral ) (hitler vs ghandi)

Question 12

Depending on consequences you will have good/bad

Answer 12

True (helping a friend in an exam)

Question 13

Golden rule of utility

Answer 13

Principal of utility : practical principle stating that the goal of all actions is to achieve the greatst happiness for the greatest number
Married couple wanna have third partner

Question 14

What could happen in reality if we say the happiness for the biggest number

Answer 14

Biggest number for his happiness inflect pain on the smaller numbers (like hitler)

Question 15

That is why we say benthom is quantitative utilitarianism

Answer 15

it works on specific cases (buying a car, you see pros and cons)

Question 16

Mill (student of benthom) improved utilitariansims

Answer 16

Greatest happiness for greatest number is not quantitative, you need to understand happiness

Question 17

What is happiness(Mill)

Answer 17

State of pleasure that bypasses state of pain and is stable (end of mean)

Question 18

To understand happiness you have 3 things

Answer 18

1)The motive of the action (desires)
2) The end (goal) of action (always of pleasure
3) In between you have ( the means) (Intentions -the what)
State of pleasure that by passes state of pain and is stable is called happiness

Question 19

Happiness is an end itself not a mean to an end

Answer 19

True (happiness is not a mean)

Question 20

A happy society is a society where all means are ends

Answer 20

true

Question 21

What you choose freely is what you love and it will be what will bring you happiness

Answer 21

true

Question 22

mill defining harm

Answer 22

harm when you attempt to the integrity of body, property , or psychological property

Question 23

Offense is different from harm

Answer 23

i am coming at night drunk with 2 prostitutes , my neighbor saw me and he is offended beecause he considered offending to have such person in the building . (It is not harm because if it is so, he can kick me out of building)

Question 24

Harm is not offense

Answer 24

If you whistle when a nice lady passes (offenses but not harmful)

Question 25

Sanctions

Answer 25

instance that reattributes our actions

Question 26

Sanctions (you are drunk for example )

Answer 26

Natural sanction ( hangover)
sympatatic sanctions (friends stop talking to u) (Also here offenses tell your friend u are donkey)
Moral sanction (u will be considered immoral) (Offenses are here)
legal sanction (drinking and driving)

Question 27

Principal of sacrifice

Answer 27

rejection of actual pleasure in view of a higher good

Question 28

A good society (Mill said)

Answer 28

A good society is a society that will favor everyone to do whatever they want because people will be able to excel in what they do (Society of geniuses )

Question 29

The enemy of the society will be three

Answer 29

1) Busineess (people work for money no excel)
2) Tradition (no one can change tradition)
3) Normalization ( everyone is doing the same thing, speaking the same way..)

Question 30

Mill thinks philanthropy is a sign of decay of society

Answer 30

Because people indulging in philanthropy have empty life and there are poor people in society

Question 31

In sacrifice ( you have pleasure ) (The idea of running away will bring u pain)

Answer 31

avoid pain of ur family