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BISC 120 > Lecture 29 - History of Animal Life on Earth > Flashcards

Lecture 29 - History of Animal Life on Earth Flashcards

1
Q

What domain are animals in?

A

Eurkarya

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2
Q

Are animals multi or uni cellular?

A

multicellular

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3
Q

What are animals held together by?

A

collagen

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4
Q

Do animals have cell walls?

A

no

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5
Q

How do animals reproduce?

A

sexually

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6
Q

Which stage is the dominating stage of the lifecycle in animals?

A

diploid stage

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7
Q

What are the 5 basic stages of sexual reproduction/

A
  1. fertilization
  2. zygote
  3. cleavage
  4. blastula
  5. gastrula
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8
Q

What specialized genes do animals have?

A

hox genes

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9
Q

What are the 5 characteristics of an animal?

A
  1. Multicellular, heterotrophic eukaroytes
  2. Lack cell walls of plants + fungi
  3. Two unique tissues: nerves + muscles
  4. Sexual reproduction, diploid adult stage
  5. Have homeotic (Hox) genes regulating early development
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10
Q

What are larva?

A
  • sexually immature

- morphologically/ecologically distinct from adult

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11
Q

Larvae eventually undergo __________

A

metamorphosis

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12
Q

What are the 2 types of symmetry?

A
  1. Radial (diplobaslatic)

2. Bilateral (tripoblastic)

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13
Q

What are the 3 germ layers?

A
  1. ectoderm
  2. endoderm
  3. mesoderm (only in tripblastic)
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14
Q

What are 2 types of development?

A
  1. protosome (spiral)
    - blastopore becomes mouth
  2. deuterosome
    - blastopore becomes anus
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15
Q

What is the common ancestor for all animals?

A

choanoflagellates

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16
Q

What are the 3 types of body cavites?

A
  1. coelomates (true cavity derived from mesoderm)
  2. pseudocoelomates (derived from mesoderm + endoderm)
  3. acoelomates
17
Q

What may have been the first vertebrates to leave water?

A

lungfish relatives

18
Q

What are the 4 major Eras?

A
  1. Neoproterozoic
  2. Paleozoic
  3. Mesozoic
  4. Cenozoic
19
Q

What was the neoproterozic era?

A
  • First evidence of early animal embryos + predation

- included Ediacaran

20
Q

What was the main feature of the paleozoic era?

A

Cambrian Explosion

-earliest fossil appearance of many major groups of living animals

21
Q

What are 3 reasons for the Cambrian explosion?

A
  1. hox genes
  2. oxygen
  3. predation
22
Q

What are 3 defining features of the mesozoic era?

A
  1. Coral reefs
  2. Dinosaurs were dominant terrestrial vertebrates
  3. First mammals emerged, flowers/insects diversified
23
Q

What are 3 defining features of the cenozoic era?

A
  1. Mass extinctions of both terrestrial + marine animals (nonflying dinosaurs, marine reptiles)
  2. Diversifications of mammals
  3. Global climate cooled

BISC 120 (33 decks)

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