Lecture 26 - Fungi Flashcards

1
Q

Are fungi more closely related to plants or animals?

A

animals

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2
Q

Are fungi heterotrophic or autotrophic?

A

heterotrophic

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3
Q

How do fungi acquire food?

A

through absorption using exoenzymes

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4
Q

What are fungi composed of?

A

hyphae

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5
Q

What do hyphae form/

A

mycelium

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6
Q

What are two “forms” of fungi?

A
  • can have septa dividing cells and truly be multicellular

- coenocytic with one cytoplasm and many nuclei

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7
Q

What are 3 forms of fungal nutrition?

A
  1. parasitic
  2. mutualistic (mycorrhizae or lichens)
  3. decomposers
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8
Q

How are fungi parasitic?

A

-can use penetrating mycelium or historia in order to take nutrients from hosts

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9
Q

What are 4 forms of fungal life?

A
  1. molds
  2. yeast
  3. lichens
  4. mycorrhizae
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10
Q

What are molds?

A
  • asexual

- rapidly growing

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11
Q

What are yeasts?

A
  • unicellular fungi in moist environments

- includes imperfect fungi (only is asexual)

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12
Q

What are lichens?

A
  • symbiotic relationship between fungi + photosynthetic microorganisms
  • live in extreme environments
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13
Q

What are mycorrhizae?

A
  • symbiotic relationship between plants

- fungi increase increase SA on plant roots

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14
Q

What is the first step of the sexual phase?

A
  • two parent mycelium fuse together without nuclei
  • combining plasmogamy
  • leads to heterokaryotic stage
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15
Q

What is the second step of the sexual phase?

A

-parent nuclei combine Karogamy

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16
Q

What is the third step of the sexual phase?

A
  • goes through meiosis
  • creates spore producing structures (haploid)
  • can germinate to form mycelium
17
Q

What happens in the asexual stage?

A

-mycelium can produce spore producing structures that can germinate and continue to be haploid

18
Q

Chytridiomycota

A
  • flagellated zoospores
  • most closely related to protists
  • causes devastating disease in amphibeans
19
Q

Zygomycota

A

Zygote fungi form resistant structures during sexual reproduction

20
Q

Glomeromycota

A

all species are mycorrhizal

21
Q

Ascomycota

A

Classified by long heterokaryotic phase with ascocarp

22
Q

Basidiomycota

A

mushrooms, shelf fungi, puffballs, super long dikaryotic phase

23
Q

How does most yeast reproduction occur?

A

budding

24
Q

Saprobic fungi

A

absorb nutrients form nonliving organisms